Engineering Permanent Porosity into Liquids

The possibility of engineering well‐defined pores into liquid materials is fascinating from both a conceptual and an applications point of view. Although the concept of porous liquids was proposed in 2007, these materials had remained hypothetical due to the technical challenges associated with thei...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced materials (Weinheim) 2021-05, Vol.33 (18), p.e2005745-n/a
Main Authors: Jie, Kecheng, Zhou, Yujuan, Ryan, Hugh P., Dai, Sheng, Nitschke, Jonathan R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adsorption
Cages
Chemical industry
Chemical separation
ionic liquids
Liquids
MATERIALS SCIENCE
Metal-organic frameworks
microporosity
Porosity
porous liquids
separation
Zeolites
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Summary:The possibility of engineering well‐defined pores into liquid materials is fascinating from both a conceptual and an applications point of view. Although the concept of porous liquids was proposed in 2007, these materials had remained hypothetical due to the technical challenges associated with their synthesis. Over the past five years, however, reports of the successful construction of porous liquids based on existing porous scaffolds, such as coordination cages, organic cages, metal–organic frameworks, porous carbons, zeolites, and porous polymers, have started to emerge. Here, the focus is on these early reports of porous liquids as prototypes in the field, classified according to the previously defined types of porous liquids. Particular attention will be paid to design strategies and structure–property relationships. Porous liquids have already exhibited promising applications in gas storage, transportation, and chemical separations. Thus, they show great potential for use in the chemical industry. The challenges of preparation, scale‐up, volatility, thermal and chemical stability, and competition with porous solids will also be discussed. Progress in the emerging field of porous liquids is reviewed. These liquids reported to date are classified, and particular attention is given to their design strategies and the relationship between the structures of the porous liquids and their properties. Challenges including preparation, scale‐up of synthesis, volatility, thermal and chemical stability, and relatively small pore volumes are also discussed.
ISSN:0935-9648
1521-4095
DOI:10.1002/adma.202005745