An adventitious agent-free clonal cell line that is highly susceptible to foot -and-mouth disease virus

• Published in: Biologicals 2021-07, Vol.72 (C), p.33-41
• Main Authors: LaRocco, M., Ahmed, Z., Rodriguez-Calzada, M., Azzinaro, P.A., Barrette, R., Krug, P., Rodriguez, L.L., de los Santos, T., Medina, G.N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: BVDV; Cells; FMDV; IFN-α; Porcine; Tissue culture; Virus isolation
• ISSN: 1045-1056; 1095-8320
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.05.003

Porcine LFBKαVβ6 cells have been successfully used for diagnostics and propagation of all FMDV serotypes/subtypes. Unfortunately, after initial characterization, these cells showed contamination with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a non-cytopathic adventitious agent. Persistent infection with BVDV could interfere with diagnostic tests and, also prevent consideration for other uses, i.e., vaccine production. In this study, we developed a three-prong methodology to completely remove BVDV from LFBKαVβ6 cells. Combined treatment with siRNA against BVDV NS5A, porcine interferon alpha and ribavirin resulted in the elimination of BVDV, as determined by immunohistochemistry analysis, quantitative RT-PCR and RNA sequencing. Importantly, elimination of BVDV from LFBKαVβ6 did not affect FMDV growth and plaque phenotype from different serotypes isolated and propagated in the clean cell line, newly named MGPK αVβ6-C5. Additionally, isolation of FMDV from field oro-pharyngeal samples, was successful at the same sensitivity as in BVDV-contaminated LFBKαVβ6 cells. Our results identified a direct method to efficiently eliminate BVDV from porcine cells without altering FMDV permissiveness, diagnostic value, or potential for use in vaccine production. Furthermore, these cells may provide an improved platform for diagnostics and propagation of other viruses of interest in the veterinary field and the virology community at large.