Solvation of NiOx for hole transport layer deposition in perovskite solar cells

Abstract A series of nickel oxide (NiO x ) inks, in the perovskite antisolvent chlorobenzene (CB) containing 15% ethanol, were prepared for the fabrication of p-i-n perovskite solar cells by blade coating. The inks included triethylamine (Et3N) and alkyl xanthate salts as ligands to disperse NiO x p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanotechnology 2021-11, Vol.33 (6)
Main Authors: Armstrong, Peter J., Chandrasekhar, Pakanati S., Chapagain, Sashil, Cline, Carmen M., van Hest, Maikel F. A. M., Druffel, Thad L., Grapperhaus, Craig
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
functionalization
hole transport layer
hole transport material
ligand
nanoparticles
NiOx
perovskite solar cells
SOLAR ENERGY
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Summary:Abstract A series of nickel oxide (NiO x ) inks, in the perovskite antisolvent chlorobenzene (CB) containing 15% ethanol, were prepared for the fabrication of p-i-n perovskite solar cells by blade coating. The inks included triethylamine (Et3N) and alkyl xanthate salts as ligands to disperse NiO x particle aggregates and stabilize suspension. A total of four inks were evaluated: 0X (Et3N with no alkyl xanthate), 4X (Et3N + potassium n-butyl xanthate), 12X (Et3N + potassium n-dodecyl xanthate), and 18X (Et3N + potassium n-octadecyl xanthate). The inks were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy and the resulting films analyzed by thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Devices prepared using the 0X ink resulted in a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.47% (0.25 cm2) and 9.96% (1 cm2). The 0X devices showed no significant loss of PCE after 100 days in a nitrogen flow box. Devices prepared with inks containing alkyl xanthate ligand had lower PCE that decreased with decreasing chain length, 18X > 12X > 4X.
ISSN:0957-4484
1361-6528