Nanosecond time scale, high power electrical wire explosion in water

Experimental and magnetohydrodynamic simulation results of nanosecond time scale underwater electrical explosions of Al, Cu, and W wires are presented. A water forming line generator with current amplitude up to 100 kA was used. The maximum current rise rate and maximum Joule heating power achieved...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physics of plasmas 2006-04, Vol.13 (4), p.042701-042701-14
Main Authors: Grinenko, A., Krasik, Ya. E., Efimov, S., Fedotov, A., Gurovich, V. Tz, Oreshkin, V. I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
ALUMINIUM
ATOMIZATION
COPPER
CORRELATIONS
ELECTRIC CURRENTS
ELECTRIC DISCHARGES
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
ELECTRON TEMPERATURE
ENERGY DEPENDENCE
ENTHALPY
EXPLODING WIRES
EXPLOSIONS
FILTERS
ION TEMPERATURE
JOULE HEATING
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
PLASMA
PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS
PLASMA SIMULATION
SURFACES
THERMODYNAMICS
TUNGSTEN
UNDERWATER
WATER
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Summary:Experimental and magnetohydrodynamic simulation results of nanosecond time scale underwater electrical explosions of Al, Cu, and W wires are presented. A water forming line generator with current amplitude up to 100 kA was used. The maximum current rise rate and maximum Joule heating power achieved during wire explosions were d I ∕ d t ⩽ 500 A ∕ ns and 6 GW , respectively. Extremely high energy deposition of up to 60 times the atomization enthalpy was registered compared to the best reported result of 20 times the atomization enthalpy for energy deposition with a vacuum wire explosion. Discharge channel evolution and surface temperature were analyzed by streak shadow imaging and by a fast photodiode with a set of interference filters, respectively. A 1D magnetohydrodynamic simulation demonstrated good agreement with experimental parameters such as discharge channel current, voltage, radius, and temperature. Material conductivity was calculated to produce the best correlation between the simulated and experimentally obtained voltage. It is shown that material conductivity may significantly vary as a function of energy deposition rate.
ISSN:1070-664X
1089-7674
DOI:10.1063/1.2188085