Lead-free In{sub 2}O{sub 3}-doped (Bi{sub 0.5}Na{sub 0.5}){sub 0.93}Ba{sub 0.07}TiO{sub 3} ceramics synthesized by direct reaction sintering

Lead-free (Bi{sub 0.5}Na{sub 0.5}){sub 0.93}Ba{sub 0.07}TiO{sub 3}-x wt %In{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramics synthesized by direct reaction sintering have been studied. X-ray diffraction reveals that all (Bi{sub 0.5}Na{sub 0.5}){sub 0.93}Ba{sub 0.07}TiO{sub 3}-x wt %In{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramics are of a perovs...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics letters 2007-04, Vol.90 (18)
Main Authors: Zhou Taosheng, Huang Rongxia, Shang Xunzhong, Peng Fei, Guo Jianyong, Chai Liying, Gu Haoshuang, He Yunbin, Department of Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS
CERAMICS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
DIRECT REACTIONS
DOPED MATERIALS
GRAIN GROWTH
INDIUM OXIDES
MATERIALS SCIENCE
PERMITTIVITY
PEROVSKITE
PIEZOELECTRICITY
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SINTERING
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
TITANATES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
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Summary:Lead-free (Bi{sub 0.5}Na{sub 0.5}){sub 0.93}Ba{sub 0.07}TiO{sub 3}-x wt %In{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramics synthesized by direct reaction sintering have been studied. X-ray diffraction reveals that all (Bi{sub 0.5}Na{sub 0.5}){sub 0.93}Ba{sub 0.07}TiO{sub 3}-x wt %In{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramics are of a perovskite structure with coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. It is found that the direct reaction sintering promotes growing of ceramic grains while doping of In{sub 2}O{sub 3} contributes to inhibit and homogenize the grain growth, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. The ceramics show excellent piezoelectric and dielectric properties with thickness electromechanical coupling factor k{sub t}=0.503, piezoelectric constant d{sub 33}=205 pC/N, dielectric constant {epsilon}{sub 33}{sup T}/{epsilon}{sub 0}=1046, and loss tangent tan {delta}=0.036.
ISSN:0003-6951
1077-3118
DOI:10.1063/1.2735552