Design and characterization of low-heat and low-alkalinity cements

Investigations were carried out to formulate and characterize low-alkalinity and low-heat cements which would be compatible with an underground waste repository environment. Several systems comprising Portland cement, a pozzolan (silica fume or fly ash) and blastfurnace slag were compared. All blend...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cement and concrete research 2008-04, Vol.38 (4), p.437-448
Main Authors: Codina, M., Cau-dit-Coumes, C., Le Bescop, P., Verdier, J., Ollivier, J.P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACID NEUTRALIZING CAPACITY
Applied sciences
Blended cements
Buildings. Public works
CALORIMETRY
Cement concrete constituents
Cements
DESIGN
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS
Durability
Exact sciences and technology
EXTRACTION
FLY ASH
HEAT
HYDRATION
INTERSTITIALS
LEACHING
Materials
MATERIALS SCIENCE
MICROANALYSIS
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY
Pore solution
PORTLAND CEMENT
Properties and test methods
Properties of anhydrous and hydrated cement, test methods
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SILICA
THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
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Summary:Investigations were carried out to formulate and characterize low-alkalinity and low-heat cements which would be compatible with an underground waste repository environment. Several systems comprising Portland cement, a pozzolan (silica fume or fly ash) and blastfurnace slag were compared. All blends were characterized by high amounts of additions, the Portland cement (PC) fraction ranging only from 20 to 60%. Cement hydration was studied using several techniques: X-ray Diffraction, TGA-DTA, calorimetry, pore solution extraction and microscopy. The most important result obtained with some ternary blends was the drop in the pore solution pH by more than one unit as compared with control samples elaborated with commercial cements. The alkali content (≈ 1 to 4 mmol/L) of the interstitial solution was also strongly reduced. The blends exhibited a low-heat output as required. Leaching tests carried out in pure water indicated a very slow decalcification of the samples. Several techniques such as optical microscopy, SEM/BSE, X-ray microanalysis or X-ray diffraction were compared to estimate the degraded thickness.
ISSN:0008-8846
1873-3948
DOI:10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.12.002