2D and 3D Refraction Based X-ray Imaging Suitable for Clinical and Pathological Diagnosis

• Main Authors: Ando, Masami, Bando, Hiroko, Chen, Zhihua, Chikaura, Yoshinori, Choi, Chang-Hyuk, Endo, Tokiko, Esumi, Hiroyasu, Gang, Li, Hashimoto, Eiko, Hirano, Keiichi, Hyodo, Kazuyuki, Ichihara, Shu, Jheon, Sanghoon, Kim, Hongtae, Kim, Jongki, Kimura, Tatsuro, Lee, Changhyun, Maksimenko, Anton, Ohbayashi, Chiho
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: ALGORITHMS; CARCINOMAS; CAT SCANNING; DIAGNOSIS; IMAGE PROCESSING; JAPANESE ORGANIZATIONS; MAMMARY GLANDS; OPTICS; PHOTONS; RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE; REFRACTION; X RADIATION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/1.2436443

The first observation of micro papillary (MP) breast cancer by x-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI) and the first observation of the 3D x-ray internal structure of another breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS), are reported. The specimen size for the sheet-shaped MP was 26 mm X 22 mm X 2.8 mm, and that for the rod-shaped DCIS was 3.6 mm in diameter and 4.7 mm in height. The experiment was performed at the Photon Factory, KEK: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization. We achieved a high-contrast x-ray image by adopting a thickness-controlled transmission-type angular analyzer that allows only refraction components from the object for 2D imaging. This provides a high-contrast image of cancer-cell nests, cancer cells and stroma. For x-ray 3D imaging, a new algorithm due to the refraction for x-ray CT was created. The angular information was acquired by x-ray optics diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI). The number of data was 900 for each reconstruction. A reconstructed CT image may include ductus lactiferi, micro calcification and the breast gland. This modality has the possibility to open up a new clinical and pathological diagnosis using x-ray, offering more precise inspection and detection of early signs of breast cancer.