Dark spatial optical solitons in planar gradient waveguides in the Z-cut of the 3m symmetry crystals

The propagation of light beams is studied in a planar photorefractive waveguide fabricated by high-temperature diffusion of metal ions in the Z-cut substrate of the 3m symmetry crystal. The wave equations are obtained for single-mode light beams with TE and TM polarisations in planar diffusion waveg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Quantum electronics (Woodbury, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2003-11, Vol.33 (11), p.1001
Main Authors: Frolova, M N, Borodin, M V, Shandarov, S M, Shandarov, V M, Larionov, Yu M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
BEAMS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
CRYSTALS
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
DIFFUSION
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EQUATIONS
IONS
IRON COMPOUNDS
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS
NIOBATES
NIOBIUM COMPOUNDS
NONLINEAR PROBLEMS
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
PHOTON BEAMS
PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
POLARIZATION
QUASI PARTICLES
RADIATIONS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
REFRACTORY METAL COMPOUNDS
SIMULATION
SOLITONS
SUBSTRATES
TEMPERATURE RANGE
TEMPERATURE RANGE 0400-1000 K
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
VISIBLE RADIATION
WAVE EQUATIONS
WAVEGUIDES
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Summary:The propagation of light beams is studied in a planar photorefractive waveguide fabricated by high-temperature diffusion of metal ions in the Z-cut substrate of the 3m symmetry crystal. The wave equations are obtained for single-mode light beams with TE and TM polarisations in planar diffusion waveguides, which take into account the two-dimensional distribution of the optical field. Expressions are found for a nonlinear change in the refractive index when the photovoltaic mechanism makes a dominant contribution to the photorefractive effect. The propagation of single-mode light beams is analysed numerically for a Ti:Fe:LiNbO{sub 3} waveguide fabricated by the successive diffusion of titanium and iron into lithium niobate. It is shown that single-mode light beams with a smooth amplitude envelope can propagate without significant changes in the region of a dip in the intensity modelling a dark soliton. The relations between the amplitude and width of a dark spatial soliton are obtained for the TM modes of a photorefractive planar waveguide. (solitons)
ISSN:1063-7818
DOI:10.1070/QE2003v033n11ABEH002539