Surface nanostructuring by ion-induced localized plasma expansion in zinc oxide

Creation of hillock-like nanostructures on the surface of zinc oxide single crystals by irradiation with slow highly charged ions is reported. At constant kinetic energy, the nanostructures were only observed after irradiation with ions of potential energies above a threshold between 19.1 keV and 23...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics letters 2014-06, Vol.104 (23)
Main Authors: El-Said, A. S., Moslem, W. M., Djebli, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied physics
CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Crystals
ION TEMPERATURE
IONS
IRRADIATION
KEV RANGE 10-100
Kinetic energy
MONOCRYSTALS
Nanostructure
NANOSTRUCTURES
PLASMA EXPANSION
Polarity
Potential energy
Single crystals
SURFACES
Zinc oxide
ZINC OXIDES
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Summary:Creation of hillock-like nanostructures on the surface of zinc oxide single crystals by irradiation with slow highly charged ions is reported. At constant kinetic energy, the nanostructures were only observed after irradiation with ions of potential energies above a threshold between 19.1 keV and 23.3 keV. The size of the nanostructures increases as a function of potential energy. A plasma expansion approach is used to explain the nanostructures creation. The calculations showed that the surface nanostructures became taller with the increase of ionic temperature. The influence of charged cluster formation and the relevance of their polarity are discussed.
ISSN:0003-6951
1077-3118
DOI:10.1063/1.4883401