Ferromagnetic and paramagnetic magnetization of implanted GaN:Ho,Tb,Sm,Tm films

The SQUID magnetic measurements were performed on the GaN films prepared by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy and implanted by Tb3+, Tm3+, Sm3+, and Ho3+ ions. The sapphire substrate was checked by the electron paramagnetic resonance method which showed a content of Cr3+ and Fe3+ impurities. The sa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physics 2015-05, Vol.117 (17)
Main Authors: Maryško, M., Hejtmánek, J., Laguta, V., Sofer, Z., Sedmidubský, D., Šimek, P., Veselý, M., Mikulics, M., Buchal, C., Macková, A., Malínský, P., Wilhelm, R. A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anisotropy
CHROMIUM IONS
CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Curie temperature
CURIE-WEISS LAW
Electron paramagnetic resonance
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
Ferromagnetic materials
GALLIUM NITRIDES
Holmium
HOLMIUM IONS
IRON IONS
MAGNETIC FIELDS
Magnetic measurement
Magnetic permeability
Magnetism
MAGNETIZATION
Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
PARAMAGNETISM
SAMARIUM IONS
SAPPHIRE
SQUID DEVICES
SUBSTRATES
Superconducting quantum interference devices
TERBIUM IONS
THULIUM IONS
VAPOR PHASE EPITAXY
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Summary:The SQUID magnetic measurements were performed on the GaN films prepared by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy and implanted by Tb3+, Tm3+, Sm3+, and Ho3+ ions. The sapphire substrate was checked by the electron paramagnetic resonance method which showed a content of Cr3+ and Fe3+ impurities. The samples 5 × 5 mm2 were positioned in the classical straws and within an estimated accuracy of 10−6 emu, no ferromagnetic moment was detected in the temperature region of 2–300 K. The paramagnetic magnetization was studied for parallel and perpendicular orientation. In the case of GaN:Tb sample, at T = 2 K, a pronounced anisotropy with the easy axis perpendicular to the film was observed which can be explained by the lowest quasi-doublet state of the non-Kramers Tb3+ ion. The Weiss temperature deduced from the susceptibility data using the Curie-Weiss (C-W) law was found to depend substantially on the magnetic field.
ISSN:0021-8979
1089-7550
DOI:10.1063/1.4916761