Second-order nonlinear optical metamaterials: ABC-type nanolaminates

We demonstrate a concept for second-order nonlinear metamaterials that can be obtained from non-metallic centrosymmetric constituents with inherently low optical absorption. The concept is based on iterative atomic-layer deposition of three different materials, A = Al2O3, B = TiO2, and C = HfO2. The...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics letters 2015-09, Vol.107 (12)
Main Authors: Alloatti, L., Kieninger, C., Froelich, A., Lauermann, M., Frenzel, T., Köhnle, K., Freude, W., Leuthold, J., Wegener, M., Koos, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABSORPTION
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
Aluminum oxide
Applied physics
Bulk density
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS
DEPOSITS
Hafnium oxide
HAFNIUM OXIDES
INTERFACES
ITERATIVE METHODS
METAMATERIALS
Nonlinear optics
NONLINEAR PROBLEMS
Nonlinearity
Sequences
SUBSTRATES
Titanium dioxide
TITANIUM OXIDES
WAVELENGTHS
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Summary:We demonstrate a concept for second-order nonlinear metamaterials that can be obtained from non-metallic centrosymmetric constituents with inherently low optical absorption. The concept is based on iterative atomic-layer deposition of three different materials, A = Al2O3, B = TiO2, and C = HfO2. The centrosymmetry of the resulting ABC stack is broken since the ABC and the inverted CBA sequences are not equivalent—a necessary condition for non-zero second-order nonlinearity. In our experiments, we find that the bulk second-order nonlinear susceptibility depends on the density of interfaces, leading to a nonlinear susceptibility of 0.26 pm/V at a wavelength of 800 nm. ABC-type nanolaminates can be deposited on virtually any substrate and offer a promising route towards engineering of second-order optical nonlinearities at both infrared and visible wavelengths.
ISSN:0003-6951
1077-3118
DOI:10.1063/1.4931492