Energy-momentum tensor of bouncing gravitons

In models of the Universe with extra dimensions gravity propagates in the whole space-time. Graviton production by matter on the brane is significant in the early hot Universe. In a model of 3-brane with matter embedded in 5D space-time conditions for gravitons emitted from the brane to the bulk to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cosmology and astroparticle physics 2015-07, Vol.2015 (7)
Main Author: Iofa, Mikhail Z.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY
BRANES
COSMOLOGICAL MODELS
ENERGY-MOMENTUM TENSOR
GEV RANGE
GRAVITATION
GRAVITONS
MANY-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
NUMERICAL SOLUTION
PARTICLE PRODUCTION
SPACE-TIME
UNIVERSE
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Summary:In models of the Universe with extra dimensions gravity propagates in the whole space-time. Graviton production by matter on the brane is significant in the early hot Universe. In a model of 3-brane with matter embedded in 5D space-time conditions for gravitons emitted from the brane to the bulk to return back to the brane are found. For a given 5-momentum of graviton falling back to the brane the interval between the times of emission and return to the brane is calculated. A method to calculate contribution to the energy-momentum tensor from multiple graviton bouncings is developed. Explicit expressions for contributions to the energy-momentum tensor of gravitons which have made one, two and three bounces are obtained and their magnitudes are numerically calculated. These expressions are used to solve the evolution equation for dark radiation. A relation connecting reheating temperature and the scale of extra dimension is obtained. For the reheating temperature T{sub R}∼ 10{sup 6} GeV we estimate the scale of extra dimension μ to be of order 10{sup −9} GeV (μ{sup −1}∼ 10{sup −5} cm)
ISSN:1475-7516
1475-7516
DOI:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/07/021