Charge-exchange resonances and restoration of Wigner’s supersymmetry in heavy and superheavy nuclei

• Published in: Physics of atomic nuclei 2016-11, Vol.79 (6), p.929-942
• Main Authors: Lutostansky, Yu. S., Tikhonov, V. N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; CHARGE EXCHANGE; CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; COULOMB ENERGY; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; GAMOW-TELLER RULES; HEAVY NUCLEI; ISOBARIC NUCLEI; MASS NUMBER; Mathematical analysis; NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; Nuclei; Particle and Nuclear Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; RESONANCE; Restoration; SU-4 GROUPS; SUPERSYMMETRY; Symmetry; TRANSACTINIDE ELEMENTS; WIGNER THEORY
• ISSN: 1063-7788; 1562-692X
• DOI: 10.1134/S106377881606017X

Various facets of the question of whether Wigner’s supersymmetry [ SU (4) symmetry] may be restored in heavy and superheavy nuclei are analyzed on the basis of a comparison of the results of calculations with experimental data. The energy difference between the giant Gamow–Teller resonance and the analog resonance (the difference of E G and E A ) according to calculations based on the theory of finite Fermi systems is presented for the case of 33 nuclei for which experimental data are available. The calculated difference Δ E G–A of E G and E A tends to zero in heavier nuclei, showing evidence of the restoration of Wigner’s SU (4) symmetry. Also, the isotopic dependence of the Coulomb energy difference between neighboring isobaric nuclei is analyzed within the SU (4) approach for more than 400 nuclei in the mass-number range of A = 5–244. The restoration of Wigner’s SU (4) symmetry in heavy nuclei is confirmed. It is shown that the restoration of SU (4) symmetry is compatible with the possible existence of the stability island in the region of superheavy nuclei.