Synthesis and characterization of three-dimensional flower-like tin dioxide-based structures

• Published in: Inorganic materials 2017-12, Vol.53 (12), p.1279-1285
• Main Authors: Zima, T. M., Bataev, I. A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABUNDANCE; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electron microscopy; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; Hydrothermal treatment; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; INFRARED SPECTRA; Inorganic Chemistry; MATERIALS SCIENCE; Microscopy; MORPHOLOGY; Phase composition; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS; Phase transitions; POWDERS; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; Reagents; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; Structural hierarchy; Synthesis; Three dimensional flow; Tin dioxide; TIN OXIDES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• ISSN: 0020-1685; 1608-3172
• DOI: 10.1134/S0020168517120196

Three-dimensional flower-like SnO 2 -based structures have been produced by the alkaline hydrothermal treatment of t -SnO 2 powder with no additive and in the presence of aminoterephthalic acid (ATPA). The synthesis products have been characterized by a variety of physicochemical techniques (scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman and IR spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and others). The results demonstrate that raising the ATPA concentration in the reaction mixture changes the morphology of the materials and leads to the SnO 2 → SnO 2 /Sn 3 O 4 → Sn 3 O 4 phase transformation in the structures through the formation of SnO x nonstoichiometric tin oxide phases with 1 < x < 2. Hydrothermal treatment of the starting reagents in the presence of ≤75 wt % ATPA leads to the formation of hierarchical structures dominated by a nonstoichiometric tin oxide, which is thermally unstable at t ≥ 500°C. The morphology and phase composition of the synthesized structures have been shown to have a significant effect on the electronic conductivity of the material.