Effect of a collapsing gas bubble on the shock-to-detonation transition in liquid nitromethane

We studied the shock-induced collapse of butane gas bubbles in the homogeneous explosive nitromethane (NM) to investigate the effects of hot spot formation on the detonation process. A butane bubble was injected into a sample of NM, and a shock wave from a flat plate impactor compressed the bubble,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physics 2024-12, Vol.136 (22)
Main Authors: Turley, W. D., La Lone, B. M., Mance, J. G., Staska, M. D., Stevens, G. D., Veeser, L. R., Aslam, T. D., Dattelbaum, D. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
cameras
Chemical reactions
Detonation waves
Explosive compacting
Explosives
Flat plates
High speed cameras
Hydrodynamics simulations
INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Nitromethane
Optical fibers
optical spectroscopy
Pressure dependence
Shock wave propagation
Shock waves
Temperature dependence
Temperature metrology
Time measurement
Velocimetry
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Summary:We studied the shock-induced collapse of butane gas bubbles in the homogeneous explosive nitromethane (NM) to investigate the effects of hot spot formation on the detonation process. A butane bubble was injected into a sample of NM, and a shock wave from a flat plate impactor compressed the bubble, creating a localized hot spot. We measured shock and detonation wave speeds with optical velocimetry, and we used a high-speed camera to image the shock propagation and bubble collapse processes. A multiband optical fiber pyrometer measured the time-resolved thermal radiance, and we used the results and emissivity values extracted from spectral fits to estimate temperatures. We measured the characteristics of the shock-to-detonation transition in NM with and without a bubble. All experiments were performed at shock pressures near 8 GPa, where neat NM can detonate. A single bubble in this system was shown to sensitize NM, leading to a reduced run-to-detonation time. We used hydrodynamic modeling to predict shock wave propagation, the extent of chemical reaction, and subsequent temperature rise from the collapsing bubble. We used a temperature-dependent Arrhenius burn model for simulations, and it yielded much better results than reactive burn models that depend only on pressure and density.
ISSN:0021-8979
1089-7550
DOI:10.1063/5.0241114