Immobilization mechanisms in solidification/stabilization of Cd and Pb salts using Portland cement fixing agents

The behavior of cadmium and lead salts toward cement-based solidification was analyzed using toxicity characteristic leaching procedure tests, conduction calorimetry, and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance as a function of time. Cd concentrations in leachates were very low, while Pb levels were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science & technology 1990-06, Vol.24 (6), p.867-873
Main Authors: CARTLEDGE, F. K, BUTLER, L. G, CHALASANI, D, EATON, H. C, FREY, F. P, HERRERA, E, TITTLEBAUM, M. E, YANG, S.-L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
540220 - Environment, Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
Applied sciences
BUILDING MATERIALS
CADMIUM
CALORIMETRY
CEMENTS
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Exact sciences and technology
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LEACHATES
LEAD
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MATERIALS
METALS
MIXTURES
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Other wastes and particular components of wastes
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
Pollution
PORTLAND CEMENT
RESONANCE
SOLIDIFICATION
SOLUTIONS
STABILIZATION
Wastes
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Summary:The behavior of cadmium and lead salts toward cement-based solidification was analyzed using toxicity characteristic leaching procedure tests, conduction calorimetry, and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance as a function of time. Cd concentrations in leachates were very low, while Pb levels were markedly higher and would pose a threat to groundwater quality. The Cd/cement system involves cadmium hydroxide, which provides nucleation sites for precipitation of cadmium silicate hydrate gel, resulting in Cd being in the form of an insoluble hydroxide with an impervious coating.
ISSN:0013-936X
1520-5851
DOI:10.1021/es00076a012