Combustion synthesis of fullerenes

We report the isolation of C 60 and C 70 from combustion soot that is produced in high-temperature, low-pressure premixed flat flames. A critical parameter for high fullerene yields in combustion appears to be a very high flame temperature. Equilibrium calculations indicate that low pressures are im...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Combustion and flame 1992, Vol.88 (1), p.102-112
Main Authors: Mckinnon, J.Thomas, Bell, William L., Barkley, Robert M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
400800 - Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry
Applied sciences
CARBON
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMBUSTION
Combustion. Flame
CURRENTS
ELECTRIC ARCS
ELECTRIC CURRENTS
ELECTRIC DISCHARGES
ELEMENTS
Energy
Energy. Thermal use of fuels
EQUILIBRIUM
Exact sciences and technology
FLAMES
FULLERENES
INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Miscellaneous
MIXING
NONMETALS
OPTIMIZATION
OXIDATION
PRODUCTION
SOOT
SYNTHESIS
Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
YIELDS
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Summary:We report the isolation of C 60 and C 70 from combustion soot that is produced in high-temperature, low-pressure premixed flat flames. A critical parameter for high fullerene yields in combustion appears to be a very high flame temperature. Equilibrium calculations indicate that low pressures are important, but the experimental evidence is not clear at this time. Combustion synthesis yields fullerenes with a C 70/C 60 ratio of about 40%, as compared with the 12% reported for electric-arc-generated fullerenes. The overall yields from carbon are very low (ca. 0.03%) but the soot studied had been produced in flames that were in no way optimized for fullerene production.
ISSN:0010-2180
1556-2921
DOI:10.1016/0010-2180(92)90010-M