Molecular H sub 2 in intense laser fields probed by electron-electron, electron-ion, and ion-ion covariance techniques

• Published in: Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Atomic, molecular, and optical physics, 1992-12, Vol.46:11
• Main Authors: Frasinski, L.J., Stankiewicz, M., Hatherly, P.A., Cross, G.M., Codling, K., Langley, A.J., Shaikh, W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; COLLISIONS; DATA; ELECTRIC FIELDS; ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION; ELECTRON COLLISIONS; ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTIONS; ELECTRON-ION COLLISIONS; ELEMENTS; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; HYDROGEN; INFORMATION; INTERACTIONS; ION COLLISIONS; IONIZATION; LASER RADIATION; LEPTON-LEPTON INTERACTIONS; MAPPING; MEASURING METHODS; NONMETALS; NUMERICAL DATA; PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; PHOTOIONIZATION; PROTON SPECTRA; RADIATIONS; SPECTRA 664200 > Spectra of Atoms & Molecules & their Interactions with Photons-- (1992-); TIME-OF-FLIGHT METHOD; VISIBLE SPECTRA
• ISSN: 1050-2947; 1094-1622
• DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.46.R6789

The techniques of electron-electron and electron-ion covariance mapping have been used to confirm that a laser of modest rise time ({similar to}1 ps) and focused intensity ({similar to}10{sup 15} W/cm{sup 2}) will doubly ionize {ital H}{sub 2} molecules in a sequential manner. This stepwise behavior manifests itself in structureless features on the electron-electron maps. However, the technique can be employed to search for correlated emission of two or more electrons in more complex systems. Electron-ion maps, on the other hand, can apportion the electrons in a typical photoelectron spectrum to the parent ions and to fragment ions of all energies.