Evaluating surrogates for disinfection by-products

Each of four low-bromide waters was coagulated at three pH values (5.5, 7.0, and 8.0), and then simulated distribution system (SDS) chlorination tests were performed. The object of the study was to determine whether total organic carbon (TOC) or UV-254 absorbance can be employed as an indicator of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal - American Water Works Association 1994-06, Vol.86 (6), p.98-106
Main Authors: Najm, Issam N., Patania, Nancy L., Jacangelo, Joseph G., Krasner, Stuart W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
320603 > Energy Conservation, Consumption, & Utilization-- Municipalities & Community Systems-- Public Utilities-- (1980-)
ACETIC ACID
Applied sciences
Bromide
BROMIDES
BROMINE COMPOUNDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Chlorination
Chlorine
Coagulation
Disinfection
Disinfection Byproducts
DRINKING WATER
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Exact sciences and technology
GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
Organics
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
Pollution
PRECURSOR
PURIFICATION
Surface water
Trihalomethanes
Waste byproducts
WATER 552000 > Public Health
WATER QUALITY
Water samples
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:Each of four low-bromide waters was coagulated at three pH values (5.5, 7.0, and 8.0), and then simulated distribution system (SDS) chlorination tests were performed. The object of the study was to determine whether total organic carbon (TOC) or UV-254 absorbance can be employed as an indicator of the trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) concentrations formed upon chlorination · Results showed that removal of TOC and UV-254 always increased with decreasing coagulation pH, but the extent of removal varied with the different waters. Maximum reduction of SDSTHM and SDSHAA5 formation was achieved after coagulation at pH 5.5. UV-254 proved to be a better surrogate for chlorinated by-product formation than TOC. The applicability of the correlations to waters with higher bromide levels and different chlorination pH values should be evaluated.
ISSN:0003-150X
1551-8833
DOI:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1994.tb06213.x