Tumor-associated Antigens as Possible Targets for Immune Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer: Comparative mRNA Expression Analysis of RAGE and GAGE Genes

• Published in: Acta oto-laryngologica 2002-01, Vol.122 (5), p.546-552
• Main Authors: Götte, Karl, Usener, Dirk, Riedel, Frank, Hörmann, Karl, Schadendorf, Dirk, Eichmüller, Stefan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antigens; Antigens, Neoplasm; Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate - genetics; Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate - immunology; Antineoplastic agents; Associated; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Northern; Cancer; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy; Eye Proteins - genetics; Gage; Head; Head and Neck Neoplasms - therapy; Humans; Immune; Immunotherapy; Medical sciences; Neck; Neoplasm Proteins - genetics; Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous); Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Rage; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - genetics; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Specific; Therapy; Tumor; Tumors
• ISSN: 0001-6489; 1651-2251
• DOI: 10.1080/00016480260092381

Specific immune therapy targeting residual areas of cancer cells may emerge as a powerful treatment strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In order to define possible targets for immune therapy, we evaluated the frequency of two groups of tumor antigens - the RAGE and GAGE families - by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using primary HNSCCs ( n =28), mucosa specimens as normal controls ( n =10) and HNSCC cell lines ( n =6). By means of specific primer selection we could differentiate between RAGE-1, -2, -3 and-4, as well as between two groups of GAGE genes (GAGE-1,2,7 vs GAGE-3,4,5,6,8). While all mucosa tissues (from smokers and non-smokers) were negative for both antigen families, 24/28 investigated tumors were positive for up to 5 tumor antigens. Among the RAGE genes, RAGE-1-positive tumors were the most abundant (8/28), followed by RAGE-2 (7/28) and RAGE-4 (6/28). Differences in the locations of HNSCCs were reflected by different RAGE family members being expressed most frequently: larynx, RAGE-1; oropharynx, RAGE-2; and hypopharynx, RAGE-4. Primers against GAGE-1,2,7 and GAGE-3,4,5,6,8 revealed 6/27 and 16/27 positive tumors, respectively. This report suggests that RAGE genes and GAGE-3,4,5,6,8 may be promising candidates for specific immune therapy in HNSCC.