Investigation of the thermal transfer coefficient by the energy balance of fault arcs in electrical installations

In order to determine the pressure rise due to fault arcs in electrical installations, the portion of energy heating the surrounding gas of the fault arc has to be known. The ratio of the portion of energy to the electrical energy, the thermal transfer coefficient, well known in literature as k/sub...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power delivery 2006-01, Vol.21 (1), p.425-431
Main Authors: Xiang Zhang, Pietsch, G., Gockenbach, E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Arc discharges
Chemical reaction
Chemicals
Coefficients
Connection and protection apparatus
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
electrical installation
Electrical installations
Electrical power engineering
Electrode materials
Electrodes
energy balance
Equations
Evaporation
Exact sciences and technology
fault arc
Faults
Gas insulation
Heating
hydro- and thermodynamics
Materials testing
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical models
Medium voltage
melting and evaporation
Power networks and lines
pressure
relative purity
Resistance heating
Studies
theoretical approach
Thermal factors
thermal transfer coefficient
Thermodynamics
Users connections and in door installation
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Summary:In order to determine the pressure rise due to fault arcs in electrical installations, the portion of energy heating the surrounding gas of the fault arc has to be known. The ratio of the portion of energy to the electrical energy, the thermal transfer coefficient, well known in literature as k/sub p/-factor, is adopted here. This paper presents a theoretical approach to calculate the thermal transfer coefficient k/sub p/ and to determine the pressure rise in an electrical installation. It is based on the solution of the fundamental hydro- and thermodynamic conservation equations taking into account melting and evaporation of metals as well as chemical reactions with the surrounding gas of the fault arc. The results for closed arc chambers show that factors such as the kinds of insulating gas and of electrode material, the size of the test vessel, and the gas density considerably influence the thermal transfer coefficient and thus the pressure rise. Furthermore it is demonstrated, with an example of a short-circuit in a compact medium-voltage station with heavy metal evaporation, that the mathematical approach is a reliable tool to assess the development of pressure.
ISSN:0885-8977
1937-4208
DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2005.852274