Characteristics of Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae Isolated from Purulent Sputum Samples

• Published in: Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2006-03, Vol.44 (3), p.923-927
• Main Authors: Keith, Elaine R, Podmore, Roslyn G, Anderson, Trevor P, Murdoch, David R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Epidemiology; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; Microbiology; Middle Aged; Miscellaneous; Phenotype; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - complications; Respiratory Tract Infections - complications; Respiratory Tract Infections - microbiology; Sputum - microbiology; Streptococcal Infections - complications; Streptococcal Infections - microbiology; Streptococcus - classification; Streptococcus - drug effects; Streptococcus - isolation & purification; Streptococcus - pathogenicity; Streptococcus pneumoniae
• ISSN: 0095-1137; 1098-660X; 1098-5530
• DOI: 10.1128/JCM.44.3.923-927.2006

Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae is a recently described streptococcus that is phenotypically and genetically distinct from Streptococcus pneumoniae and other viridans streptococci. Key characteristics of S. pseudopneumoniae are the absence of a pneumococcal capsule, insolubility in bile, resistance or indeterminate susceptibility to optochin when incubated in 5% CO₂ but susceptibility to optochin when incubated in ambient air, and a positive reaction with the AccuProbe DNA probe hybridization test. The clinical importance of this bacterium is currently unknown. We report the characteristics and associated clinical data of 35 strains of S. pseudopneumoniae isolated from sputum samples from 33 patients. All isolates produced a positive result with the NOW S. pneumoniae antigen test (Binax, Inc.). No isolate was resistant to penicillin, but 60% were resistant to erythromycin and 77% were resistant to tetracycline. All patients had lower respiratory tract symptoms, 79% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 33% had chest radiographic infiltrates. Compared with matched control patients who had Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from sputum, patients with S. pseudopneumoniae infection were more likely to have a history of COPD (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67 to 20.11) or exacerbation of COPD (OR, 6.5; 95% CI, 2.61 to 16.20). Further research is needed to better characterize the epidemiology of S. pseudopneumoniae colonization and the role of S. pseudopneumoniae in COPD and other diseases.