Determination of isocyanate biomarkers in construction site workers

Abstract 4,4′-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is the most important isocyanate in the manufacture of polyurethanes, dyes, pigments and adhesives. High concentrations of isocyanates are a potent respiratory irritant. Therefore, it is important to develop methods to monitor exposure to such compo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomarkers 2007-01, Vol.12 (5), p.468-483
Main Authors: Sabbioni, Gabriele, Wesp, Hansjörg, Lewalter, Jürgen, Rumler, Richard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
4,4′-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate
Acetanilides - urine
Adult
Aniline Compounds - urine
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - urine
Biomonitoring
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
Construction Materials - adverse effects
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Female
haemoglobin adducts
Hemoglobins - analysis
Hemoglobins - metabolism
Humans
Immunoglobulin E - blood
Immunoglobulin E - immunology
isocyanates
Isocyanates - immunology
Isocyanates - metabolism
Isocyanates - urine
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Occupational Exposure - analysis
Occupational Exposure - prevention & control
Seasons
Surveys and Questionnaires
Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate - immunology
Toxicology
urine metabolites
Various organic compounds
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Summary:Abstract 4,4′-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is the most important isocyanate in the manufacture of polyurethanes, dyes, pigments and adhesives. High concentrations of isocyanates are a potent respiratory irritant. Therefore, it is important to develop methods to monitor exposure to such compounds. We monitored biological samples from 40 non-exposed and 45 exposed construction site workers. 4,4′-Methylenedianiline (MDA) and N-acetyl-4,4′-MDA (AcMDA) were determined from untreated urine (U-MDA, U-AcMDA) and MDA was analysed from acid-treated urine (U-MDA-tot). Haemoglobin (Hb) adducts of MDA (Hb-MDA) were determined in all workers. The levels of biomarkers decreased in the following order: U-MDA-tot>U-AcMDA>U-MDA>Hb-MDA. The same order was found for the percentage of samples, which were found positive in exposed workers: 100%, 91%, 91%, 27%. The urine levels U-MDA-tot correlate with U-MDA, U-AcMDA and Hb-MDA with r=0.79, 0.86 and 0.39, respectively (Spearman rank order, p
ISSN:1354-750X
1366-5804
DOI:10.1080/13547500701395636