Appetite and blood glucose profiles in humans after glycogen-depleting exercise

• Published in: Journal of applied physiology (1985) 1999-09, Vol.87 (3), p.947-954
• Main Authors: Melanson, Kathleen J, Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S, Campfield, L. Arthur, Saris, Wim H. M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Appetite - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Blood Glucose - physiology; Diet; Exercise; Exercise - physiology; Exercise - psychology; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood; Feeding Behavior - physiology; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glucose; Glycogen - metabolism; Glycogen - physiology; Humans; Hunger - drug effects; Male; Men; Physical Fitness - physiology; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
• ISSN: 8750-7587; 1522-1601
• DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.87.3.947

1  Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; and 2  Center for Human Nutrition of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262 Regulatory functions of glycogen stores and blood glucose on human appetite, particularly relating to exercise, are not fully understood. Ten men (age 20-31 yr) performed glycogen-depleting exercise in an evening, ate a low-carbohydrate dinner, and stayed overnight in the laboratory. The next day, blood glucose was monitored continuously for 517 ± 23 (SE) min. Subjects had access to high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods after baseline glucose and respiratory quotient were determined. In the afternoon, 1 h of moderate exercise was performed. Baseline respiratory quotient was 0.748 ± 0.008,   plasma free fatty acids were 677 ± 123 µmol/l, insulin was 4.8   ± 0.5 µU/ml, and leptin was 1.9 ± 0.3 ng/ml. Postabsorptively, 8 of 10 meals were initiated during stability in blood glucose. Postprandially, the association between meal initiation and blood glucose declines became significant ( 2  = 7.82). During moderate exercise, blood glucose initially decreased but recovered before completion. When the glycogen buffer is depleted, meal initiation can occur during blood glucose stability; the relationship between blood glucose declines and meal initiation reestablishes with refeeding. glucostatic theory; glycogenostatic theory; food intake regulation; hunger; satiety