Development of lines of radish differing in resistance to O3 and SO2

• Published in: The New phytologist 1989-07, Vol.112 (3), p.353-361
• Main Authors: Gillespie, C.T. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA), Winner, W.E
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptation to environment and cultivation conditions; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; AIR POLLUTION; Biological and medical sciences; biomass partitioning; BREEDING AIMS; CONTAMINACION DEL AIRE; CONTAMINANTES; CROPS; CROSS POLLINATION; CULTIVOS; DIOXIDO DE AZUFRE; DIOXYDE DE SOUFRE; ESTOMA; F1 HYBRIDS; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; GROWTH RATE; HIBRIDO F1; HYBRIDE F1; INDICE DE CRECIMIENTO; OBJECTIF DE L'AMELIORATION; OBJETIVO DE MEJORAMIENTO; OZONE; OZONO; PLANTE DE CULTURE; POLINIZACION CRUZADA; POLLINISATION CROISEE; POLLUANT; pollutant resistance; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION ATMOSPHERIQUE; radish; RAPHANUS SATIVUS; RESISTANCE AUX FACTEURS NUISIBLES; RESISTANCE TO INJURIOUS FACTORS; RESISTENCIA A AGENTES DANINOS; RESPIRACION; RESPIRATION; SO2; STEMS; STOMATA; stomatal conductance; STOMATE; SULPHUR DIOXIDE; TALLO; TAUX DE CROISSANCE; TIGE; TRANSPIRACION; TRANSPIRATION; Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims
• ISSN: 0028-646X; 1469-8137
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1989.tb00323.x

SUMMARY The potential for developing intraspecific lines of radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv, Cherry Belle) based on their relative resistance to either O3 or SO2 was examined using growth‐analysis techniques. Plants were exposed to either 0–10μ 1−1 O3 or 0.50 μ 1 −1 SO2 for 4 h day−1, 3 days week−1, for 3 weeks. Resistant and sensitive individuals were then selected and divided into four groups: O3 resistant (O3R), O3 sensitive (O3S), SO2 resistant (SO2R), and SO2 sensitive (SO2S) Cross‐pollinations were made among plants within the selected groups and seed collected. F1 populations were raised from the resulting seed and exposed to the same exposure regime. Net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were measured during the final two fumigations, and plants were harvested immediately following the final exposure, divided into component parts, dried and weighed. O3 and SO2 generally caused biomass reductions in all the F1 groups. O3 reduced below ground growth more than SO2 leading to greater reductions in root/shoot ratios. O3R plants were resistant to both pollutants, showing little biomass reduction particularly from O3. Root/shoot ratios of these plants were altered less by pollutant exposure than non‐selected radishes. Shoot growth of SO2R plants was greater in O3 or SO2 than non‐selected plants, but below ground growth was similar. Selection for plants sensitive to either pollutant was not apparent from growth analysis, as growth of the sensitive plants was generally the same as that of non‐selected plants. Gas exchange results indicated greater stomatal conductance in O3S plants in filtered air than either non‐selected or O3R plants, while O3S plants had lower conductance rates in the O3 treatment.