Significance of Enzyme Activities in Soil Nitrogen Mineralization

• Published in: Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2010-03, Vol.41 (5-8), p.595-605
• Main Authors: Tabatabai, M.A, Ekenler, Mine, Senwo, Z.N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; amidase; amidohydrolases; amindohydrolases; application rate; arylamidase; asparaginase; beta-galactosidase; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties; enzyme activity; Enzymes; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; glucosidases; glycosidases; hydrolases; L-aspartase; L-glutaminase; liming materials; mineralization; N-aceyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase; N-Aceyl-β-D-glucosaminidase; nitrogen; Organic matter; organic N; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils; soil chemistry; soil nutrient dynamics; soil organic carbon; soil pH; Soil science; soil temperature; Soils; urease
• ISSN: 0010-3624; 1532-2416; 1532-4133
• DOI: 10.1080/00103620903531177

This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between nitrogen (N) mineralization in soils treated with eight lime application rates, with four field replications, and the activities of six amidohydrolases involved in N cycling and four glycosidases involved in carbon (C) cycling in soils. Nitrogen mineralization was studied at 20 or 30 °C for 20 weeks, and with the exception of N-aceyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase; EC 3.2.1.30) activity, which was assayed at both temperatures, the enzyme activities were assayed at 30 °C at their optimal pH values. Results showed that among the eight enzyme activities studied, NAGase activity was the most significantly correlated with the cumulative amounts of N mineralized in 32 soil samples at 20 °C (r = 0.87***) and at 30 °C (r = 0.95***). The cumulative amounts of N mineralized at 30 °C were also significantly correlated with arylamidase and L-aspartase activities, with r values of 0.61*** and 0.52**, respectively. Because NAGase activity is involved in both N and C cycling, the cumulative amounts of N mineralized at 30 °C were also significantly correlated with the activities of β-glucosidase (r = 0.80***) and β-galactosidase (r = 0.58***). Activities of other N enzymes that were significantly correlated with the cumulative amounts of N mineralized at 30 °C in 20 weeks were those of L-asparaginase (r = 0.61***), urease (r = 0.57***), amidase (r = 0.54**), and L-glutaminase (r = 0.41*). It seems that the activity of NAGase can be used as an index of N mineralization in soils.