A review of murine models of latent tuberculosis infection

Abstract The mechanisms of latency and the causes of reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain poorly understood; an important reason for this gap in knowledge is the absence of a standardized animal model of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). A complete LTBI model should incorporate 2 as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases 2011-12, Vol.43 (11-12), p.848-856
Main Authors: Shi, Changhong, Shi, Jieran, Xu, Zhikai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial Load
Biological and medical sciences
Cytokines - secretion
Disease Models, Animal
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Latent Tuberculosis - immunology
Latent Tuberculosis - microbiology
Latent Tuberculosis - pathology
latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI)
Lung - microbiology
Medical sciences
Mice
mouse model
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - pathogenicity
Spleen - microbiology
Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections
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Summary:Abstract The mechanisms of latency and the causes of reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain poorly understood; an important reason for this gap in knowledge is the absence of a standardized animal model of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). A complete LTBI model should incorporate 2 aspects of LTBI: a persistent infection model with a low bacterial load and a latent infection model that is modified from the Cornell model. Many parameters must be carefully considered to establish an LTBI model, including the inoculating dose, the route of infection, the time interval between infection and the initiation of antibiotic therapy, and the genetic background of the host animal. The responsiveness of this mouse model of LTBI can be assessed through the integrated use of indices, including Karnofsky performance status, bacterial load in spleen and lungs, induced levels of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4 in tissues, specific antigen load in organs, time required for hormone-induced TB relapse, expression level of dormancy genes, and CD4 T-cell count.
ISSN:0036-5548
1651-1980
DOI:10.3109/00365548.2011.603745