PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND EVAPORATION RATES IN A FOUR COMPONENT EMULSION

The cosmetic system of water, lecithin, polyethylene glycol (M. W. 5000), and white oil was studied and the phase diagram determined using visual observation, low angle x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. The results showed the lecithin / water lamellar liquid crystal to be retained when the po...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dispersion science and technology 1995-01, Vol.16 (1), p.69-97
Main Authors: Moaddel, Teanoosh, Friberg, Stig E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Chemical industry and chemicals
Chemistry
Colloidal state and disperse state
Cosmetics, toiletries
Emulsions. Microemulsions. Foams
Exact sciences and technology
General and physical chemistry
Others (including liquid-liquid-vapor equilibria)
Phase equilibria
Washing products. Cosmetics and toiletries. Perfumes
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Summary:The cosmetic system of water, lecithin, polyethylene glycol (M. W. 5000), and white oil was studied and the phase diagram determined using visual observation, low angle x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. The results showed the lecithin / water lamellar liquid crystal to be retained when the polyethylene glycol was gradually replaced by white oil. The polyethylene glycol was solubilized in the lamellar liquid crystal to a maximum level of 10%, the white oil to 8%. The evaporation rate, from a thin layer, was followed gravimetrically. The existing structures as the evaporation proceeded were identified optically. Evaporation of water from the three phase emulsion lead to crystallization of the polymer in the previously existing water droplets, leading to a four phase system of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene grycol/water, LLC, and white oil. A dramatic decrease in the loss rate of water was observed when all four components co-exist in equilibrium.
ISSN:0193-2691
1532-2351
DOI:10.1080/01932699508943659