Metabolism of 14C-Pronamide in the Soil and in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under Field Conditions

• Published in: Weed science 1987-07, Vol.35 (4), p.469-475
• Main Authors: Rouchaud, Jean, Moons, Chantal, Benoit, Frans, Ceustermans, Norbert, Maraite, Henri
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid soils; Agricultural site preparation; Agricultural soils; Agrology; belgica; belgique; belgium; Biological and medical sciences; Chemical control; fitotoxicidad; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; herbicidas; herbicide; herbicides; Ketones; lactuca sativa; metabolism; metabolisme; metabolismo; metabolite; metabolites; metabolitos; Parasitic plants. Weeds; Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; phytotoxicite; phytotoxicity; Planting; Radiocarbon; Silt loam soils; Soil chemistry; Soil treatment; soil types; tipos de suelo; type de sol; Weeds
• ISSN: 0043-1745; 1550-2759
• DOI: 10.1017/S0043174500060409

Metabolism of 14C-pronamide [N-(1,1-dimethylpropynyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide, carbonyl- 14C] was studied in silt loam soil (located in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium) and in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., ‘Appia′, Clause3) from a crop planted in soil that had been treated before planting. During the experiment, most of the 14C remained in the 0- to 6-cm soil layer. The percentage of 14C-pronamide degraded to 14CO2 during the experiment was less than 10%. The soil-extractable 14C was made up of pronamide and its first ketone metabolite [N-(1,1-dimethylacetonyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide]. About 30% of the pronamide present in the soil was bound to the soil. The bound residue, i.e., the 14C that could not be extracted by acetone, at lettuce harvest was about 80% of the 14C contained in the soil at that time; 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid was the main component of the bound residue. The harvested lettuce also contained pronamide, the ketone, and 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid. Similar kinetics of metabolism were observed with lettuces grown on loamy sand soil (located in St. Kathelijne-Waver, Belgium). However, pronamide was not bound to this type of soil.