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Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa
Lujo virus (LUJV), a new member of the family Arenaviridae and the first hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from the Old World discovered in three decades, was isolated in South Africa during an outbreak of human disease characterized by nosocomial transmission and an unprecedented high case fa...
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| Published in: | PLoS pathogens 2009-05, Vol.5 (5), p.e1000455-e1000455 |
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| creator | Briese, Thomas Paweska, Janusz T McMullan, Laura K Hutchison, Stephen K Street, Craig Palacios, Gustavo Khristova, Marina L Weyer, Jacqueline Swanepoel, Robert Egholm, Michael Nichol, Stuart T Lipkin, W Ian |
| description | Lujo virus (LUJV), a new member of the family Arenaviridae and the first hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from the Old World discovered in three decades, was isolated in South Africa during an outbreak of human disease characterized by nosocomial transmission and an unprecedented high case fatality rate of 80% (4/5 cases). Unbiased pyrosequencing of RNA extracts from serum and tissues of outbreak victims enabled identification and detailed phylogenetic characterization within 72 hours of sample receipt. Full genome analyses of LUJV showed it to be unique and branching off the ancestral node of the Old World arenaviruses. The virus G1 glycoprotein sequence was highly diverse and almost equidistant from that of other Old World and New World arenaviruses, consistent with a potential distinctive receptor tropism. LUJV is a novel, genetically distinct, highly pathogenic arenavirus. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455 |
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Unbiased pyrosequencing of RNA extracts from serum and tissues of outbreak victims enabled identification and detailed phylogenetic characterization within 72 hours of sample receipt. Full genome analyses of LUJV showed it to be unique and branching off the ancestral node of the Old World arenaviruses. The virus G1 glycoprotein sequence was highly diverse and almost equidistant from that of other Old World and New World arenaviruses, consistent with a potential distinctive receptor tropism. LUJV is a novel, genetically distinct, highly pathogenic arenavirus.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7366</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19478873</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Africa, Southern - epidemiology ; Amino acids ; Arenaviridae Infections - mortality ; Arenaviridae Infections - transmission ; Arenaviridae Infections - virology ; Arenaviruses ; Arenaviruses, Old World - genetics ; Arenaviruses, Old World - isolation & purification ; Base Sequence ; Causes of ; Cross Infection ; Fever ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic Speciation ; Genome, Viral ; Genomes ; Hemorrhagic fever ; Humans ; Infections ; Infectious Diseases/Viral Infections ; Life sciences ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Properties ; Public Health and Epidemiology/Epidemiology ; Public Health and Epidemiology/Infectious Diseases ; Public Health and Epidemiology/Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections ; RNA, Viral - genetics ; Viral genetics ; Viral Proteins ; Virology/Diagnosis ; Virology/Emerging Viral Diseases ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>PLoS pathogens, 2009-05, Vol.5 (5), p.e1000455-e1000455</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2009 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. 2009</rights><rights>2009 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Citation: Briese T, Paweska JT, McMullan LK, Hutchison SK, Street C, et al. (2009) Genetic Detection and Characterization of Lujo Virus, a New Hemorrhagic Fever-Associated Arenavirus from Southern Africa. 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Unbiased pyrosequencing of RNA extracts from serum and tissues of outbreak victims enabled identification and detailed phylogenetic characterization within 72 hours of sample receipt. Full genome analyses of LUJV showed it to be unique and branching off the ancestral node of the Old World arenaviruses. The virus G1 glycoprotein sequence was highly diverse and almost equidistant from that of other Old World and New World arenaviruses, consistent with a potential distinctive receptor tropism. LUJV is a novel, genetically distinct, highly pathogenic arenavirus.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>19478873</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Africa, Southern - epidemiology Amino acids Arenaviridae Infections - mortality Arenaviridae Infections - transmission Arenaviridae Infections - virology Arenaviruses Arenaviruses, Old World - genetics Arenaviruses, Old World - isolation & purification Base Sequence Causes of Cross Infection Fever Genetic aspects Genetic Speciation Genome, Viral Genomes Hemorrhagic fever Humans Infections Infectious Diseases/Viral Infections Life sciences Phylogenetics Phylogeny Properties Public Health and Epidemiology/Epidemiology Public Health and Epidemiology/Infectious Diseases Public Health and Epidemiology/Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections RNA, Viral - genetics Viral genetics Viral Proteins Virology/Diagnosis Virology/Emerging Viral Diseases Viruses |
| title | Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa |
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