Interaction of Saccharomyces boulardii with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium protects mice and modifies T84 cell response to the infection

• Published in: PloS one 2010-01, Vol.5 (1), p.e8925-e8925
• Main Authors: Martins, Flaviano S, Dalmasso, Guillaume, Arantes, Rosa M E, Doye, Anne, Lemichez, Emmanuel, Lagadec, Patricia, Imbert, Veronique, Peyron, Jean-François, Rampal, Patrick, Nicoli, Jacques R, Czerucka, Dorota
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activation; Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial Adhesion; Baking yeast; Binding proteins; Cancer; Cell Biology/Cell Signaling; Cellular signal transduction; Cholera; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Confocal microscopy; Diarrhea; E coli; Escherichia coli; Freeze Drying; Functional foods; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Gastrointestinal Infections; Gene expression; GTP-binding protein; Health aspects; Health promotion; Immune system; Infections; Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections; Infectious Diseases/Gastrointestinal Infections; Inflammation; Inflammatory response; Interleukin 8; Invasiveness; JNK protein; Kinases; Laboratory animals; Life Sciences; Liver; Liver - microbiology; Mice; Microbiology/Applied Microbiology; Microbiology/Medical Microbiology; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB protein; Nuclear transport; Pathogenesis; Permeability; Phagocytosis; Physical fitness; Prevention; Probiotics; Protein binding; Proteins; Rac1 protein; Saccharomyces; Saccharomyces - physiology; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Salmonella; Salmonella enterica - pathogenicity; Salmonella Infections - immunology; Salmonella Infections - mortality; Salmonella Infections - prevention & control; Salmonella Typhimurium; Shigella; Signal Transduction; Stem cells; Translocation; Tropical diseases; Yeast; Yeasts
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008925

Salmonella pathogenesis engages host cells in two-way biochemical interactions: phagocytosis of bacteria by recruitment of cellular small GTP-binding proteins induced by the bacteria, and by triggering a pro-inflammatory response through activation of MAPKs and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. Worldwide interest in the use of functional foods containing probiotic bacteria for health promotion and disease prevention has increased significantly. Saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast used as a probiotic in infectious diarrhea. In this study, we reported that S. boulardii (Sb) protected mice from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST)-induced death and prevented bacterial translocation to the liver. At a molecular level, using T84 human colorectal cancer cells, we demonstrate that incubation with Sb before infection totally abolished Salmonella invasion. This correlates with a decrease of activation of Rac1. Sb preserved T84 barrier function and decreased ST-induced IL-8 synthesis. This anti-inflammatory effect was correlated with an inhibitory effect of Sb on ST-induced activation of the MAPKs ERK1/2, p38 and JNK as well as on activation of NF-kappaB. Electron and confocal microscopy experiments showed an adhesion of bacteria to yeast cells, which could represent one of the mechanisms by which Sb exerts its protective effects. Sb shows modulating effects on permeability, inflammation, and signal transduction pathway in T84 cells infected by ST and an in vivo protective effect against ST infection. The present results also demonstrate that Sb modifies invasive properties of Salmonella.