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Screening for staphylococcal superantigen genes shows no correlation with the presence or the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis
Staphylococcus aureus secretes numerous exotoxins which may exhibit superantigenic properties. Whereas the virulence of several of them is well documented, their exact biological effects are not fully understood. Exotoxins may influence the immune and inflammatory state of various organs, including...
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| Published in: | PloS one 2010-03, Vol.5 (3), p.e9525-e9525 |
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| creator | Heymans, Frédéric Fischer, Adrien Stow, Nicholas W Girard, Myriam Vourexakis, Zacharias Des Courtis, Antoine Renzi, Gesuele Huggler, Elzbieta Vlaminck, Stefan Bonfils, Pierre Mladina, Ranko Lund, Valerie Schrenzel, Jacques François, Patrice Lacroix, Jean Silvain |
| description | Staphylococcus aureus secretes numerous exotoxins which may exhibit superantigenic properties. Whereas the virulence of several of them is well documented, their exact biological effects are not fully understood. Exotoxins may influence the immune and inflammatory state of various organs, including the sinonasal mucosa: their possible involvement in chronic rhinosinusitis has been suggested and is one of the main trends in current research. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of any of the 22 currently known staphylococcal exotoxin genes could be correlated with chronic rhinosinusitis.
We conducted a prospective, multi-centred European study, analysing 93 Staphylococcus aureus positive swabs taken from the middle meatus of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and controls. Strains were systematically tested for the presence of the 22 currently known exotoxin genes and genotyped according to their agr groups. No direct correlation was observed between chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and either agr groups or the presence of the most studied exotoxins genes (egc, sea, seb, pvl, exfoliatins or tsst-1). However, genes for enterotoxins P and Q were frequently observed in nasal polyposis for the first time, but absent in the control group. The number of exotoxin genes detected was not statistically different among the 3 patient groups.
Unlike many previous studies have been suggesting, we did not find any evident correlation between staphylococcal exotoxin genes and the presence or severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0009525 |
| format | article |
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We conducted a prospective, multi-centred European study, analysing 93 Staphylococcus aureus positive swabs taken from the middle meatus of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and controls. Strains were systematically tested for the presence of the 22 currently known exotoxin genes and genotyped according to their agr groups. No direct correlation was observed between chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and either agr groups or the presence of the most studied exotoxins genes (egc, sea, seb, pvl, exfoliatins or tsst-1). However, genes for enterotoxins P and Q were frequently observed in nasal polyposis for the first time, but absent in the control group. The number of exotoxin genes detected was not statistically different among the 3 patient groups.
Unlike many previous studies have been suggesting, we did not find any evident correlation between staphylococcal exotoxin genes and the presence or severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009525</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20221434</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acids ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens ; Asthma ; Bacterial Toxins - immunology ; Bacteriology ; Biofilms ; Biological effects ; Chronic Disease ; Cochlear implants ; Correlation ; Enterotoxins ; Enterotoxins - immunology ; Europe ; Exotoxins ; Family medical history ; Female ; Food ; Genes ; Genetics and Genomics ; Histology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Immunology ; Immunology/Cellular Microbiology and Pathogenesis ; Infectious diseases ; Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections ; Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections ; Inflammation ; Internal medicine ; Laboratories ; Male ; Medical screening ; Medicine ; Microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Mucosa ; Nasal Polyps - immunology ; Nose ; Organs ; Otolaryngology ; Otolaryngology/Rhinology ; Otology ; Pathogenesis ; Poisoning ; Polyposis ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Medicine/Asthma ; Rhinitis ; Rhinosinusitis ; Sinuses ; Sinusitis ; Sinusitis - immunology ; Staphylococcal enterotoxin F ; Staphylococcus - immunology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus infections ; Superantigens - immunology ; Surgery ; Surgery/Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Surgery ; Virulence</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2010-03, Vol.5 (3), p.e9525-e9525</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2010 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2010 Heymans et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Heymans et al. 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-7154e22adee41b04f2586ea18e6c8bb11769dbe6ce16583e92c1ea966617fee63</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1289439994/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1289439994?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20221434$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Cohen, Noam</contributor><creatorcontrib>Heymans, Frédéric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Adrien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stow, Nicholas W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girard, Myriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vourexakis, Zacharias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Des Courtis, Antoine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renzi, Gesuele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huggler, Elzbieta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vlaminck, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonfils, Pierre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mladina, Ranko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lund, Valerie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schrenzel, Jacques</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>François, Patrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lacroix, Jean Silvain</creatorcontrib><title>Screening for staphylococcal superantigen genes shows no correlation with the presence or the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Staphylococcus aureus secretes numerous exotoxins which may exhibit superantigenic properties. Whereas the virulence of several of them is well documented, their exact biological effects are not fully understood. Exotoxins may influence the immune and inflammatory state of various organs, including the sinonasal mucosa: their possible involvement in chronic rhinosinusitis has been suggested and is one of the main trends in current research. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of any of the 22 currently known staphylococcal exotoxin genes could be correlated with chronic rhinosinusitis.
We conducted a prospective, multi-centred European study, analysing 93 Staphylococcus aureus positive swabs taken from the middle meatus of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and controls. Strains were systematically tested for the presence of the 22 currently known exotoxin genes and genotyped according to their agr groups. No direct correlation was observed between chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and either agr groups or the presence of the most studied exotoxins genes (egc, sea, seb, pvl, exfoliatins or tsst-1). However, genes for enterotoxins P and Q were frequently observed in nasal polyposis for the first time, but absent in the control group. The number of exotoxin genes detected was not statistically different among the 3 patient groups.
Unlike many previous studies have been suggesting, we did not find any evident correlation between staphylococcal exotoxin genes and the presence or severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Bacterial Toxins - immunology</subject><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subject>Biofilms</subject><subject>Biological effects</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Cochlear implants</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Enterotoxins</subject><subject>Enterotoxins - immunology</subject><subject>Europe</subject><subject>Exotoxins</subject><subject>Family medical history</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Immunology/Cellular Microbiology and Pathogenesis</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Internal medicine</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical screening</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mucosa</subject><subject>Nasal Polyps - immunology</subject><subject>Nose</subject><subject>Organs</subject><subject>Otolaryngology</subject><subject>Otolaryngology/Rhinology</subject><subject>Otology</subject><subject>Pathogenesis</subject><subject>Poisoning</subject><subject>Polyposis</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Respiratory Medicine/Asthma</subject><subject>Rhinitis</subject><subject>Rhinosinusitis</subject><subject>Sinuses</subject><subject>Sinusitis</subject><subject>Sinusitis - immunology</subject><subject>Staphylococcal enterotoxin F</subject><subject>Staphylococcus - immunology</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Superantigens - immunology</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgery/Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Surgery</subject><subject>Virulence</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk1trFDEUxwdRbK1-A9GAoPiway4zmcmLUIqXQqFg1deQyZzZSZlNxpxM634PP7BZuy1d8UFC7r_zP8lJTlE8Z3TJRM3eXYY5ejMup-BhSSlVFa8eFIdMCb6QnIqH98YHxRPES0or0Uj5uDjglHNWivKw-HVhI4B3fkX6EAkmMw2bMdhgrRkJzhNE45NbgSe5AhIcwjUSH4gNMcJokgueXLs0kDQAmSIgeAska23nCFcQXdqQ0BM7xOCdJXFwPqDzM7rkkBjfEW8we5vCuJnyDj4tHvVmRHi264-Kbx8_fD35vDg7_3R6cny2sFKxtKhZVQLnpgMoWUvLnleNBMMakLZpW8Zqqbo2T4DJqhGguGVglJSS1T2AFEfFyxvdaQyodwFFzXijSqFUbo6K0xuiC-ZST9GtTdzoYJz-sxDiSpuYnB1B9wxoTeumM8BLgKoVpqIKqoop2_SqzVrvd97mdg2dBZ-iGfdE93e8G_QqXGneCC6VygJvdgIx_JgBk147tDCOxkOYUddCSF42bHuxV3-R_77cjlqZfH7n-5Dd2q2mPi5roaiqJc3U8h9ULh2snc2fr3d5fc_g7Z5BZhL8TCszI-rTiy__z55_32df32MHMGMaMIzz9gfiPljegDYGxAj9XYwZ1dvcuY2G3uaO3uVONntx_33ujG6TRfwGRP4YhQ</recordid><startdate>20100305</startdate><enddate>20100305</enddate><creator>Heymans, Frédéric</creator><creator>Fischer, Adrien</creator><creator>Stow, Nicholas W</creator><creator>Girard, Myriam</creator><creator>Vourexakis, Zacharias</creator><creator>Des Courtis, Antoine</creator><creator>Renzi, Gesuele</creator><creator>Huggler, Elzbieta</creator><creator>Vlaminck, Stefan</creator><creator>Bonfils, Pierre</creator><creator>Mladina, Ranko</creator><creator>Lund, Valerie</creator><creator>Schrenzel, Jacques</creator><creator>François, Patrice</creator><creator>Lacroix, Jean Silvain</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100305</creationdate><title>Screening for staphylococcal superantigen genes shows no correlation with the presence or the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis</title><author>Heymans, Frédéric ; Fischer, Adrien ; Stow, Nicholas W ; Girard, Myriam ; Vourexakis, Zacharias ; Des Courtis, Antoine ; Renzi, Gesuele ; Huggler, Elzbieta ; Vlaminck, Stefan ; Bonfils, Pierre ; Mladina, Ranko ; Lund, Valerie ; Schrenzel, Jacques ; François, Patrice ; Lacroix, Jean Silvain</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-7154e22adee41b04f2586ea18e6c8bb11769dbe6ce16583e92c1ea966617fee63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>Bacterial Toxins - 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Heymans, Frédéric</au><au>Fischer, Adrien</au><au>Stow, Nicholas W</au><au>Girard, Myriam</au><au>Vourexakis, Zacharias</au><au>Des Courtis, Antoine</au><au>Renzi, Gesuele</au><au>Huggler, Elzbieta</au><au>Vlaminck, Stefan</au><au>Bonfils, Pierre</au><au>Mladina, Ranko</au><au>Lund, Valerie</au><au>Schrenzel, Jacques</au><au>François, Patrice</au><au>Lacroix, Jean Silvain</au><au>Cohen, Noam</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Screening for staphylococcal superantigen genes shows no correlation with the presence or the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2010-03-05</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e9525</spage><epage>e9525</epage><pages>e9525-e9525</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Staphylococcus aureus secretes numerous exotoxins which may exhibit superantigenic properties. Whereas the virulence of several of them is well documented, their exact biological effects are not fully understood. Exotoxins may influence the immune and inflammatory state of various organs, including the sinonasal mucosa: their possible involvement in chronic rhinosinusitis has been suggested and is one of the main trends in current research. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of any of the 22 currently known staphylococcal exotoxin genes could be correlated with chronic rhinosinusitis.
We conducted a prospective, multi-centred European study, analysing 93 Staphylococcus aureus positive swabs taken from the middle meatus of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and controls. Strains were systematically tested for the presence of the 22 currently known exotoxin genes and genotyped according to their agr groups. No direct correlation was observed between chronic rhinosinusitis, with or without nasal polyposis, and either agr groups or the presence of the most studied exotoxins genes (egc, sea, seb, pvl, exfoliatins or tsst-1). However, genes for enterotoxins P and Q were frequently observed in nasal polyposis for the first time, but absent in the control group. The number of exotoxin genes detected was not statistically different among the 3 patient groups.
Unlike many previous studies have been suggesting, we did not find any evident correlation between staphylococcal exotoxin genes and the presence or severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>20221434</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0009525</doi><tpages>e9525</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2010-03, Vol.5 (3), p.e9525-e9525 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1289439994 |
| source | Open Access: PubMed Central; Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | Acids Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Antigens Asthma Bacterial Toxins - immunology Bacteriology Biofilms Biological effects Chronic Disease Cochlear implants Correlation Enterotoxins Enterotoxins - immunology Europe Exotoxins Family medical history Female Food Genes Genetics and Genomics Histology Hospitals Humans Immunology Immunology/Cellular Microbiology and Pathogenesis Infectious diseases Infectious Diseases/Bacterial Infections Infectious Diseases/Respiratory Infections Inflammation Internal medicine Laboratories Male Medical screening Medicine Microbiology Middle Aged Mucosa Nasal Polyps - immunology Nose Organs Otolaryngology Otolaryngology/Rhinology Otology Pathogenesis Poisoning Polyposis Prospective Studies Respiratory Medicine/Asthma Rhinitis Rhinosinusitis Sinuses Sinusitis Sinusitis - immunology Staphylococcal enterotoxin F Staphylococcus - immunology Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus infections Superantigens - immunology Surgery Surgery/Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Surgery Virulence |
| title | Screening for staphylococcal superantigen genes shows no correlation with the presence or the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis |
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