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A signature of maternal anti-fetal rejection in spontaneous preterm birth: chronic chorioamnionitis, anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies, and C4d

Chronic chorioamnionitis is found in more than one-third of spontaneous preterm births. Chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis of unknown etiology represent maternal anti-fetal cellular rejection. Antibody-mediated rejection is another type of transplantation rejection. We investigated whether there...

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Published in:PloS one 2011-02, Vol.6 (2), p.e16806-e16806
Main Authors: Lee, JoonHo, Romero, Roberto, Xu, Yi, Kim, Jung-Sun, Topping, Vanessa, Yoo, Wonsuk, Kusanovic, Juan Pedro, Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn, Hassan, Sonia S, Yoon, Bo Hyun, Kim, Chong Jai
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creator Lee, JoonHo
Romero, Roberto
Xu, Yi
Kim, Jung-Sun
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Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn
Hassan, Sonia S
Yoon, Bo Hyun
Kim, Chong Jai
description Chronic chorioamnionitis is found in more than one-third of spontaneous preterm births. Chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis of unknown etiology represent maternal anti-fetal cellular rejection. Antibody-mediated rejection is another type of transplantation rejection. We investigated whether there was evidence for antibody-mediated rejection against the fetus in spontaneous preterm birth. This cross-sectional study included women with (1) normal pregnancy and term delivery (n = 140) and (2) spontaneous preterm delivery (n = 140). We analyzed maternal and fetal sera for panel-reactive anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies, and determined C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium by immunohistochemistry. Maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity in spontaneous preterm births was higher than in normal term births (48.6% vs. 32.1%, p = 0.005). Chronic chorioamnionitis was associated with a higher maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (p
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Chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis of unknown etiology represent maternal anti-fetal cellular rejection. Antibody-mediated rejection is another type of transplantation rejection. We investigated whether there was evidence for antibody-mediated rejection against the fetus in spontaneous preterm birth. This cross-sectional study included women with (1) normal pregnancy and term delivery (n = 140) and (2) spontaneous preterm delivery (n = 140). We analyzed maternal and fetal sera for panel-reactive anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies, and determined C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium by immunohistochemistry. Maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity in spontaneous preterm births was higher than in normal term births (48.6% vs. 32.1%, p = 0.005). Chronic chorioamnionitis was associated with a higher maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (p&lt;0.01), significant in preterm and term birth. Villitis of unknown etiology was associated with increased maternal and fetal anti-HLA class I and II seropositivity (p&lt;0.05, for each). Fetal anti-HLA seropositivity was closely related to maternal anti-HLA seropositivity in both groups (p&lt;0.01, for each). C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium was more frequent in preterm labor than term labor (77.1% vs. 11.4%, p&lt;0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that chronic chorioamnionitis (OR = 6.10, 95% CI 1.29-28.83), maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (OR = 5.90, 95% CI 1.60-21.83), and C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium (OR = 36.19, 95% CI 11.42-114.66) were associated with preterm labor and delivery. A major subset of spontaneous preterm births has a signature of maternal anti-fetal cellular and antibody-mediated rejections with links to fetal graft-versus-host disease and alloimmune reactions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016806</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21326865</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis ; Antibodies ; Antibodies - blood ; Antigens ; Birth ; Cardiovascular disease ; Childbirth &amp; labor ; Childrens health ; Chorioamnionitis ; Chorioamnionitis - blood ; Chorioamnionitis - etiology ; Chorioamnionitis - immunology ; Chronic Disease ; Complement C4b - analysis ; Coronary vessels ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Deposition ; Endothelium ; Etiology ; Female ; Fetus - immunology ; Fetuses ; Graft rejection ; Graft Rejection - immunology ; Graft-versus-host reaction ; Gynecology ; Histocompatibility antigen HLA ; Histocompatibility, Maternal-Fetal - immunology ; Histocompatibility, Maternal-Fetal - physiology ; HLA antigens ; HLA Antigens - immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology ; Medicine ; Obstetrics ; Peptide Fragments - analysis ; Peptide Fragments - blood ; Preeclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Premature birth ; Premature Birth - blood ; Premature Birth - diagnosis ; Premature Birth - etiology ; Premature Birth - immunology ; Premature infants ; Regression analysis ; Rejection ; Transplantation ; Transplants &amp; implants ; Umbilical vein ; White blood cells ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-02, Vol.6 (2), p.e16806-e16806</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. 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Chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis of unknown etiology represent maternal anti-fetal cellular rejection. Antibody-mediated rejection is another type of transplantation rejection. We investigated whether there was evidence for antibody-mediated rejection against the fetus in spontaneous preterm birth. This cross-sectional study included women with (1) normal pregnancy and term delivery (n = 140) and (2) spontaneous preterm delivery (n = 140). We analyzed maternal and fetal sera for panel-reactive anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies, and determined C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium by immunohistochemistry. Maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity in spontaneous preterm births was higher than in normal term births (48.6% vs. 32.1%, p = 0.005). Chronic chorioamnionitis was associated with a higher maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (p&lt;0.01), significant in preterm and term birth. Villitis of unknown etiology was associated with increased maternal and fetal anti-HLA class I and II seropositivity (p&lt;0.05, for each). Fetal anti-HLA seropositivity was closely related to maternal anti-HLA seropositivity in both groups (p&lt;0.01, for each). C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium was more frequent in preterm labor than term labor (77.1% vs. 11.4%, p&lt;0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that chronic chorioamnionitis (OR = 6.10, 95% CI 1.29-28.83), maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (OR = 5.90, 95% CI 1.60-21.83), and C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium (OR = 36.19, 95% CI 11.42-114.66) were associated with preterm labor and delivery. 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Chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis of unknown etiology represent maternal anti-fetal cellular rejection. Antibody-mediated rejection is another type of transplantation rejection. We investigated whether there was evidence for antibody-mediated rejection against the fetus in spontaneous preterm birth. This cross-sectional study included women with (1) normal pregnancy and term delivery (n = 140) and (2) spontaneous preterm delivery (n = 140). We analyzed maternal and fetal sera for panel-reactive anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies, and determined C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium by immunohistochemistry. Maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity in spontaneous preterm births was higher than in normal term births (48.6% vs. 32.1%, p = 0.005). Chronic chorioamnionitis was associated with a higher maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (p&lt;0.01), significant in preterm and term birth. Villitis of unknown etiology was associated with increased maternal and fetal anti-HLA class I and II seropositivity (p&lt;0.05, for each). Fetal anti-HLA seropositivity was closely related to maternal anti-HLA seropositivity in both groups (p&lt;0.01, for each). C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium was more frequent in preterm labor than term labor (77.1% vs. 11.4%, p&lt;0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that chronic chorioamnionitis (OR = 6.10, 95% CI 1.29-28.83), maternal anti-HLA class I seropositivity (OR = 5.90, 95% CI 1.60-21.83), and C4d deposition on umbilical vein endothelium (OR = 36.19, 95% CI 11.42-114.66) were associated with preterm labor and delivery. A major subset of spontaneous preterm births has a signature of maternal anti-fetal cellular and antibody-mediated rejections with links to fetal graft-versus-host disease and alloimmune reactions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>21326865</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0016806</doi><tpages>e16806</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
ispartof PloS one, 2011-02, Vol.6 (2), p.e16806-e16806
issn 1932-6203
1932-6203
language eng
recordid cdi_plos_journals_1292192647
source Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central
subjects Adult
Analysis
Antibodies
Antibodies - blood
Antigens
Birth
Cardiovascular disease
Childbirth & labor
Childrens health
Chorioamnionitis
Chorioamnionitis - blood
Chorioamnionitis - etiology
Chorioamnionitis - immunology
Chronic Disease
Complement C4b - analysis
Coronary vessels
Cross-Sectional Studies
Deposition
Endothelium
Etiology
Female
Fetus - immunology
Fetuses
Graft rejection
Graft Rejection - immunology
Graft-versus-host reaction
Gynecology
Histocompatibility antigen HLA
Histocompatibility, Maternal-Fetal - immunology
Histocompatibility, Maternal-Fetal - physiology
HLA antigens
HLA Antigens - immunology
Humans
Immunoglobulins
Immunohistochemistry
Infant, Newborn
Labor
Leukocytes
Lymphocytes
Maternal-Fetal Exchange - immunology
Medicine
Obstetrics
Peptide Fragments - analysis
Peptide Fragments - blood
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
Premature birth
Premature Birth - blood
Premature Birth - diagnosis
Premature Birth - etiology
Premature Birth - immunology
Premature infants
Regression analysis
Rejection
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
Umbilical vein
White blood cells
Womens health
title A signature of maternal anti-fetal rejection in spontaneous preterm birth: chronic chorioamnionitis, anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies, and C4d
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