Substantial contribution of submicroscopical Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage to the infectious reservoir in an area of seasonal transmission

Man to mosquito transmission of malaria depends on the presence of the sexual stage parasites, gametocytes, that often circulate at low densities. Gametocyte densities below the microscopical threshold of detection may be sufficient to infect mosquitoes but the importance of submicroscopical gametoc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2009-12, Vol.4 (12), p.e8410-8410
Main Authors: Ouédraogo, André Lin, Bousema, Teun, Schneider, Petra, de Vlas, Sake J, Ilboudo-Sanogo, Edith, Cuzin-Ouattara, Nadine, Nébié, Issa, Roeffen, Will, Verhave, Jan Peter, Luty, Adrian J F, Sauerwein, Robert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Animals
Anopheles
Anopheles - parasitology
Aquatic insects
Burkina Faso
Carriers
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Culicidae
Disease Reservoirs - parasitology
Disease transmission
Erythrocytes
Experiments
Feeding
Feeding Behavior
Female
Gametocytes
Germ Cells - cytology
Germ Cells - metabolism
Humans
Immunology/Immunity to Infections
Infection
Infectious diseases
Infectious Diseases/Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases/Protozoal Infections
Insect Vectors - parasitology
Insecticides
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Malaria, Falciparum - transmission
Male
Membranes, Artificial
Microscopy
Mosquitoes
Nucleic acids
Parasites
Parasitology
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - cytology
Population
Population studies
Rainy season
Seasons
Self-Sustained Sequence Replication
Tropical diseases
Vector-borne diseases
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Description
Summary:Man to mosquito transmission of malaria depends on the presence of the sexual stage parasites, gametocytes, that often circulate at low densities. Gametocyte densities below the microscopical threshold of detection may be sufficient to infect mosquitoes but the importance of submicroscopical gametocyte carriage in different transmission settings is unknown. Membrane feeding experiments were carried out on 80 children below 14 years of age at the end of the wet season in an area of seasonal malaria transmission in Burkina Faso. Gametocytes were quantified by microscopy and by Pfs25-based quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay (QT-NASBA). The children's infectiousness was determined by membrane feeding experiments in which a venous blood sample was offered to locally reared Anopheles mosquitoes. Gametocytes were detected in 30.0% (24/80) of the children by microscopy compared to 91.6% (65/71) by QT-NASBA (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0008410