Illusory sensation of movement induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Human movement sense relies on both somatosensory feedback and on knowledge of the motor commands used to produce the movement. We have induced a movement illusion using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary motor cortex and dorsal premotor cortex in the absence of limb movement...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2010-10, Vol.5 (10), p.e13301-e13301
Main Authors: Christensen, Mark Schram, Lundbye-Jensen, Jesper, Grey, Michael James, Vejlby, Alexandra Damgaard, Belhage, Bo, Nielsen, Jens Bo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Anesthesiology
Arm
Commands
Cortex (motor)
Cortex (parietal)
Cortex (premotor)
Cortex (somatosensory)
Deprivation
Evoked Potentials
Experiments
Feedback
Human motion
Humans
Ischemia
Magnetic fields
Neuroscience/Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroscience/Motor Systems
Neuroscience/Sensory Systems
Neurosciences
Pharmacology
Sensory neurons
Signaling
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Variance analysis
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Summary:Human movement sense relies on both somatosensory feedback and on knowledge of the motor commands used to produce the movement. We have induced a movement illusion using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary motor cortex and dorsal premotor cortex in the absence of limb movement and its associated somatosensory feedback. Afferent and efferent neural signalling was abolished in the arm with ischemic nerve block, and in the leg with spinal nerve block. Movement sensation was assessed following trains of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over primary motor cortex, dorsal premotor cortex, and a control area (posterior parietal cortex). Magnetic stimulation over primary motor cortex and dorsal premotor cortex produced a movement sensation that was significantly greater than stimulation over the control region. Movement sensation after dorsal premotor cortex stimulation was less affected by sensory and motor deprivation than was primary motor cortex stimulation. We propose that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over dorsal premotor cortex produces a corollary discharge that is perceived as movement.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0013301