Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study

Deterioration of executive functions in the elderly has been associated with impairments in walking performance. This may be caused by limited cognitive flexibility and working memory, but could also be caused by altered prioritization of simultaneously performed tasks. To disentangle these options...

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Published in:PloS one 2011-11, Vol.6 (11), p.e27831-e27831
Main Authors: Hobert, Markus A, Niebler, Raphael, Meyer, Sinja I, Brockmann, Kathrin, Becker, Clemens, Huber, Heiko, Gaenslen, Alexandra, Godau, Jana, Eschweiler, Gerhard W, Berg, Daniela, Maetzler, Walter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biology
Brain research
Case-Control Studies
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Executive Function
Female
Flexibility
Geriatrics
Group dynamics
Humans
Male
Mathematical analysis
Medicine
Memory, Short-Term
Middle Aged
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis
Older people
Parkinson's disease
Psychomotor Performance
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Short term memory
Task Performance and Analysis
Trail Making Test
Walking
Walking - physiology
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c691t-b1f2ba46e130185d276d7878328a129d4ab5ac4299de66ab3d374e9ddb2307793
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container_title PloS one
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creator Hobert, Markus A
Niebler, Raphael
Meyer, Sinja I
Brockmann, Kathrin
Becker, Clemens
Huber, Heiko
Gaenslen, Alexandra
Godau, Jana
Eschweiler, Gerhard W
Berg, Daniela
Maetzler, Walter
description Deterioration of executive functions in the elderly has been associated with impairments in walking performance. This may be caused by limited cognitive flexibility and working memory, but could also be caused by altered prioritization of simultaneously performed tasks. To disentangle these options we investigated the associations between Trail Making Test performance--which specifically measures cognitive flexibility and working memory--and dual task costs, a measure of prioritization. Out of the TREND study (Tuebinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders), 686 neurodegeneratively healthy, non-demented elderly aged 50 to 80 years were classified according to their Trail Making Test performance (delta TMT; TMT-B minus TMT-A). The subjects performed 20 m walks with habitual and maximum speed. Dual tasking performance was tested with walking at maximum speed, in combination with checking boxes on a clipboard, and subtracting serial 7 s at maximum speeds. As expected, the poor TMT group performed worse when subtracting serial 7 s under single and dual task conditions, and they walked more slowly when simultaneously subtracting serial 7 s, compared to the good TMT performers. In the walking when subtracting serial 7 s condition but not in the other 3 conditions, dual task costs were higher in the poor TMT performers (median 20%; range -6 to 58%) compared to the good performers (17%; -16 to 43%; p
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As expected, the poor TMT group performed worse when subtracting serial 7 s under single and dual task conditions, and they walked more slowly when simultaneously subtracting serial 7 s, compared to the good TMT performers. In the walking when subtracting serial 7 s condition but not in the other 3 conditions, dual task costs were higher in the poor TMT performers (median 20%; range -6 to 58%) compared to the good performers (17%; -16 to 43%; p&lt;0.001). To the contrary, the proportion of the poor TMT performance group that made calculation errors under the dual tasking situation was lower than under the single task situation, but higher in the good TMT performance group (poor performers, -1.6%; good performers, +3%; p = 0.035). Under most challenging conditions, the elderly with poor TMT performance prioritize the cognitive task at the expense of walking velocity. This indicates that poor cognitive flexibility and working memory are directly associated with altered prioritization.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22114705</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0027831</doi><tpages>e27831</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 1932-6203
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1932-6203
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source Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central
subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biology
Brain research
Case-Control Studies
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Executive Function
Female
Flexibility
Geriatrics
Group dynamics
Humans
Male
Mathematical analysis
Medicine
Memory, Short-Term
Middle Aged
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis
Older people
Parkinson's disease
Psychomotor Performance
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Short term memory
Task Performance and Analysis
Trail Making Test
Walking
Walking - physiology
title Poor trail making test performance is directly associated with altered dual task prioritization in the elderly--baseline results from the TREND study
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