The roles of whole-genome and small-scale duplications in the functional specialization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes

Researchers have long been enthralled with the idea that gene duplication can generate novel functions, crediting this process with great evolutionary importance. Empirical data shows that whole-genome duplications (WGDs) are more likely to be retained than small-scale duplications (SSDs), though th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS genetics 2013-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e1003176
Main Authors: Fares, Mario A, Keane, Orla M, Toft, Christina, Carretero-Paulet, Lorenzo, Jones, Gary W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biology
Brewer's yeast
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Duplication
Gene expression
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetic engineering
Genome, Fungal
Genomes
Genomics
Health aspects
Microbial genetics
Mutation
Phylogeny
Physiological aspects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Specialization
Yeast
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Summary:Researchers have long been enthralled with the idea that gene duplication can generate novel functions, crediting this process with great evolutionary importance. Empirical data shows that whole-genome duplications (WGDs) are more likely to be retained than small-scale duplications (SSDs), though their relative contribution to the functional fate of duplicates remains unexplored. Using the map of genetic interactions and the re-sequencing of 27 Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes evolving for 2,200 generations we show that SSD-duplicates lead to neo-functionalization while WGD-duplicates partition ancestral functions. This conclusion is supported by: (a) SSD-duplicates establish more genetic interactions than singletons and WGD-duplicates; (b) SSD-duplicates copies share more interaction-partners than WGD-duplicates copies; (c) WGD-duplicates interaction partners are more functionally related than SSD-duplicates partners; (d) SSD-duplicates gene copies are more functionally divergent from one another, while keeping more overlapping functions, and diverge in their sub-cellular locations more than WGD-duplicates copies; and (e) SSD-duplicates complement their functions to a greater extent than WGD-duplicates. We propose a novel model that uncovers the complexity of evolution after gene duplication.
ISSN:1553-7404
1553-7390
1553-7404
DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003176