Structural and functional characterization of mature forms of metalloprotease E495 from Arctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM495

• Published in: PloS one 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e35442
• Main Authors: He, Hai-Lun, Guo, Jun, Chen, Xiu-Lan, Xie, Bin-Bin, Zhang, Xi-Ying, Yu, Yong, Chen, Bo, Zhou, Bai-Cheng, Zhang, Yu-Zhong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Affinity; Amino Acid Sequence; Arctic sea ice; Bacillus circulans; Bacteria; Binding; Biodegradation; Biology; Biotechnology; Casein; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cellulose; Chitinase; Earth sciences; Efficiency; Enzyme Stability; Enzymes; Goods and services tax; Humicola; Hydrogen bonds; Ice; Ice environments; Kidney diseases; Kinetics; Laboratories; Metalloproteases - genetics; Metalloproteases - metabolism; Metalloproteinase; Molecular Weight; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oligopeptides; Organic nitrogen; Phycocyanin; Phycocyanin - metabolism; Polar environments; Proteases; Protein Binding; Proteins; Pseudoalteromonas - enzymology; Sea ice; Site-directed mutagenesis; Structural analysis; Structure-function relationships; Substrate Specificity; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Thermolysin; Vibrio vulnificus
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035442

E495 is the most abundant protease secreted by the Arctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SM495. As a thermolysin family metalloprotease, E495 was found to have multiple active forms in the culture of strain SM495. E495-M (containing only the catalytic domain) and E495-M-C1 (containing the catalytic domain and one PPC domain) were two stable mature forms, and E495-M-C1-C2 (containing the catalytic domain and two PPC domains) might be an intermediate. Compared to E495-M, E495-M-C1 had similar affinity and catalytic efficiency to oligopeptides, but higher affinity and catalytic efficiency to proteins. The PPC domains from E495 were expressed as GST-fused proteins. Both of the recombinant PPC domains were shown to have binding ability to proteins C-phycocyanin and casein, and domain PPC1 had higher affinity to C-phycocyanin than domain PPC2. These results indicated that the domain PPC1 in E495-M-C1 could be helpful in binding protein substrate, and therefore, improving the catalytic efficiency. Site-directed mutagenesis on the PPC domains showed that the conserved polar and aromatic residues, D26, D28, Y30, Y/W65, in the PPC domains played key roles in protein binding. Our study may shed light on the mechanism of organic nitrogen degradation in the Arctic sea ice.