Impact of malaria on hematological parameters in people living with HIV/AIDS attending the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, Cameroon

• Published in: PloS one 2012-07, Vol.7 (7), p.e40553-e40553
• Main Authors: Tchinda, Gervais Gouana, Atashili, Julius, Achidi, Eric A, Kamga, Henri L, Njunda, Anna L, Ndumbe, Peter M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adult; Adults; AIDS; Anemia; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Blood; Blood Cell Count; Blood platelets; Cameroon; CD4 antigen; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell number; Comparative analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Demographics; Female; Health aspects; Health sciences; Hematology; Hemoglobin; Hemoglobins; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; HIV Infections - blood; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV patients; Hospitals; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Infections; Leukopenia; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Malaria; Malaria - blood; Malaria - complications; Malaria - parasitology; Male; Medical laboratories; Medicine; Microscopy; Middle Aged; Mortality; Parameters; Parasitemia - diagnosis; Patients; Plasmodia; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium falciparum - isolation & purification; Smear; Statistical analysis; Statistical methods; Studies; Systematic review; T cells; Thrombocytopenia; Tuberculosis; Vector-borne diseases; White blood cell count
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040553

People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) frequently have abnormal blood counts including anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. The role of infection with plasmodia on these hematological parameters in PLWHA is not well known. In this study we compared selected hematological parameters between malaria positive and negative PLWHA. We conducted a cross-sectional study of PLWHA attending the Douala Laquintinie hospital. After obtaining consent, demographic and clinical data were obtained via a standardized questionnaire. Blood samples collected for hematological assays were run using an automated full blood counter. Malaria parasitaemia was determined by blood smear microscopy. A total of 238 adult PLWHA were enrolled, 48.3% of who were on antiretroviral therapy and 24.8% of whom had malaria parasitaemia. The respective mean (±SD) of hemoglobin level, RBC count, WBC count, platelet count, lymphocyte count and CD4+ T cell counts in malaria co-infected patients versus non-infected patients were: 10.8(±1.9) g/dl versus 11.4(±2.0) g/dl; 3,745,254(±793,353) cells/µl versus 3,888,966(±648,195) cells/µl; 4,403(±1,534) cells/µl versus 4,920(±1,922) cells/µl; 216,051(±93,884) cells/µl versus 226,792(±98,664) cells/µl; 1,846(±711) cells/µl versus 2,052(±845) cells/µl and 245(±195) cells/µl versus 301(±211) cells/µl. All these means were not statistically significantly different from each other. There was no significant difference in studied hematological parameters between malaria positive and negative PLWHA. These data suggest little or no impact of malaria infection. Hematological anomalies in PLWHA in this area need not be necessarily attributed to malaria. These need to be further investigated to identify and treat other potential causes.