Dietary pattern and its association with the prevalence of obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors among Chinese children

• Published in: PloS one 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e43183-e43183
• Main Authors: Shang, Xianwen, Li, Yanping, Liu, Ailing, Zhang, Qian, Hu, Xiaoqi, Du, Songming, Ma, Jun, Xu, Guifa, Li, Ying, Guo, Hongwei, Du, Lin, Ma, Guansheng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anthropometry; Biology; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood Pressure; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - genetics; Child; Childhood obesity; Children; China; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - metabolism; Cholesterol, LDL - metabolism; Chronic diseases; Chronic illnesses; Cluster analysis; Confidence intervals; Density; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary intake; Disease control; Disease prevention; Eggs; Epidemiology; Factor analysis; Female; Food habits; Food safety; Fruits; Glucose; Grain; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Humans; Hypertension; Low density lipoproteins; Male; Meat; Medical research; Medicine; Metabolic syndrome; Milk; Nutrition research; Obesity; Obesity - epidemiology; Obesity - genetics; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Public health; Random sampling; Regression analysis; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Schools; Statistical analysis; Statistical sampling; Systematic review; Teenagers; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - metabolism; Type 2 diabetes; Ying Li
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043183

The association of dietary pattern with chronic diseases has been investigated widely in western countries. However, information is quite limited among children in China. Our study is aimed to identify the dietary patterns of Chinese children and examine their association with obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors. A total of 5267 children were selected using multistage random sampling from 30 primary schools of 5 provincial capital cities in China. Dietary intake was derived from 24 hour dietary recall for three consecutive days. Anthropometric measurements, glucose and lipid profiles were obtained. Factor analysis combined with cluster analysis was used for identifying major dietary patterns. The associations of dietary patterns with obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors were examined by logistic regression analysis. Three mutually exclusive dietary patterns were identified, which were labeled as the healthy dietary pattern, the transitive dietary pattern, and the Western dietary pattern. Compared with children of the healthy dietary pattern, the multiple-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI)) of obesity were 1.11 (0.89-1.38) for children with the transitive dietary pattern and 1.80 (1.15-2.81) for children with the Western dietary pattern, which was 1.31 (95%CI 1.09-1.56) and 1.71 (95%CI: 1.13-2.56), respectively, for abdominal obesity. The Western dietary pattern was associated with significantly higher concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P