Evaluation of environmental safety concentrations of DMSA Coated Fe2O3-NPs using different assay systems in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

• Published in: PloS one 2012-08, Vol.7 (8), p.e43729
• Main Authors: Wu, Qiuli, Li, Yiping, Tang, Meng, Wang, Dayong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Assaying; Biochemistry; Biology; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans - drug effects; Caenorhabditis elegans - growth & development; Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism; Coating effects; Cytotoxicity; Defecation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Earth Sciences; Education; Engineering; Environmental health; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Environmental Pollutants - chemistry; Environmental Pollutants - toxicity; Environmental risk; Exposure; Ferric Compounds - chemistry; Ferric Compounds - toxicity; Intestine; Iron oxides; Laboratories; Larva - drug effects; Larva - growth & development; Larva - metabolism; Larvae; Lethality; Locomotion; Locomotion - drug effects; Locomotion - genetics; Molecular biology; Mutation; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanoparticles - toxicity; Nematodes; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Oxidative stress; Oxygen; Pharynx; Pumping; Quantum dots; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Regression analysis; Reproduction; Reproduction (biology); Safety; Side effects; Sod; Studies; Succimer - chemistry; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Time Factors; Toxicity; Toxicity Tests - methods; Worms
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043729

Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) coating improves the uptake efficiency presumably by engendering the Fe(2)O(3)-NPs. In the present study, we investigated the possible environmental safety concentrations of Fe(2)O(3)-NPs using different assay systems in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans with lethality, development, reproduction, locomotion behavior, pharyngeal pumping, defecation, intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as the endpoints. After exposure from L4-larvae for 24-hr, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 50 mg/L exhibited adverse effects on nematodes. After exposure from L1-larvae to adult, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 500 μg/L had adverse effects on nematodes. After exposure from L1-larvae to day-8 adult, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 100 μg/L resulted in the adverse effects on nematodes. Accompanied with the alterations of locomotion behaviors, ROS production was pronouncedly induced by exposure to DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs in the examined three assay systems, and the close associations of ROS production with lethality, growth, reproduction, locomotion behavior, pharyngeal pumping, defecation, or intestinal autofluorescence in nematodes exposed to DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs were confirmed by the linear regression analysis. Moreover, mutations of sod-2 and sod-3 genes, encoding Mn-SODs, showed more susceptible properties than wild-type when they were used for assessing the DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs-induced toxicity, and the safety concentrations for DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs should be defined as concentrations lower than 10 μg/L in sod-2 and sod-3 mutant nematodes.