Tertiary origin and pleistocene diversification of dragon blood tree (Dracaena cambodiana-Asparagaceae) populations in the Asian tropical forests

The origin of extraordinarily rich biodiversity in tropical forests is often attributed to evolution under stable climatic conditions over a long period or to climatic fluctuations during the recent Quaternary period. Here, we test these two hypotheses using Dracaena cambodiana, a plant species dist...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-04, Vol.8 (4), p.e60102-e60102
Main Authors: Zhao, Jian-Li, Zhang, Lu, Dayanandan, Selvadurai, Nagaraju, Shivaprakash, Liu, Dong-Mei, Li, Qiao-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Asia
Asia, Southeastern
Bayes Theorem
Bayesian analysis
Biodiversity
Biological evolution
Biology
Botanical gardens
Chloroplast DNA
Climatic conditions
Climatic evolution
Computer programs
Data processing
Demographics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Dispersal
Divergence
DNA
DNA, Chloroplast - classification
DNA, Chloroplast - genetics
Dracaena
Dracaena - classification
Dracaena - genetics
Ecology
Ecosystem biology
Ecosystems
Environmental aspects
Evolution
Flowers & plants
Fluctuations
Forest plants
Forests
Gene Flow
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genetic drift
Genetic Speciation
Genetic Variation
Haplotypes
Hypotheses
Laboratories
Macroevolution
Microsatellite Repeats
Microsatellites
Migration
Nucleotide sequence
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Phylogeography
Plant population genetics
Pleistocene
Population
Population bottleneck
Population genetics
Populations
Quaternary
Recolonization
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Software
Species extinction
Trees
Tropical Climate
Tropical forests
Uplift
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Summary:The origin of extraordinarily rich biodiversity in tropical forests is often attributed to evolution under stable climatic conditions over a long period or to climatic fluctuations during the recent Quaternary period. Here, we test these two hypotheses using Dracaena cambodiana, a plant species distributed in paleotropical forests. WE ANALYZED NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE DATA OF TWO CHLOROPLAST DNA (CPDNA: atpB-rbcL and trnD-trnT) regions and genotype data of six nuclear microsatellites from 15 populations (140 and 363 individuals, respectively) distributed in Indochina Peninsular and Hainan Island to infer the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure. The population bottleneck and genetic drift were estimated based upon nuclear microsatellites data using the software programs BOTTLENECK and 2MOD. The lineage divergence times and past population dynamics based on cpDNA data were estimated using coalescent-based isolation-with-migration (IMa) and BEAST software programs. A significant phylogeographic structure (N ST = 0.876, G ST = 0.796, F ST-SSR = 0.329, R ST = 0.449; N ST>G ST, R ST>F ST-SSR, P
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0060102