Interplay between cytoskeletal stresses and cell adaptation under chronic flow

Using stress sensitive FRET sensors we have measured cytoskeletal stresses in α-actinin and the associated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in cells subjected to chronic shear stress. We show that long-term shear stress reduces the average actinin stress and this effect is reversible with re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2012-09, Vol.7 (9), p.e44167-e44167
Main Authors: Verma, Deepika, Ye, Nannan, Meng, Fanjie, Sachs, Frederick, Rahimzadeh, Jason, Hua, Susan Z
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actin
Actinin - metabolism
Adaptation
Adaptation, Physiological
Aerospace engineering
Animals
Biology
Biophysics
Biosensing Techniques
Bundles
Calcium
Calcium Channels - metabolism
Calcium permeability
Cascades
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Line
Cell Movement
Cytoskeleton
Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Gadolinium
Genetic aspects
Ion channels
Localization
Mechanical stimuli
Mechanotransduction, Cellular
Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Polymerization
Protein Transport
Proteins
Sensors
Shear stress
Shear stresses
Signal Transduction
Signaling
Stress (Physiology)
Stress management
Stress, Mechanical
Stresses
α-Actinin
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Summary:Using stress sensitive FRET sensors we have measured cytoskeletal stresses in α-actinin and the associated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in cells subjected to chronic shear stress. We show that long-term shear stress reduces the average actinin stress and this effect is reversible with removal of flow. The flow-induced changes in cytoskeletal stresses are found to be dynamic, involving a transient decrease in stress (phase-I), a short-term increase (3-6 min) (Phase-II), followed by a longer-term decrease that reaches a minimum in ~20 min (Phase-III), before saturating. These changes are accompanied by reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton from parallel F-actin bundles to peripheral bundles. Blocking mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs) with Gd(3+) and GsMTx4 (a specific inhibitor) eliminated the changes in cytoskeletal stress and the corresponding actin reorganization, indicating that Ca(2+) permeable MSCs participate in the signaling cascades. This study shows that shear stress induced cell adaptation is mediated via MSCs.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0044167