Evaluating the Effectiveness of France's Indoor Smoke-Free Law 1 Year and 5 Years after Implementation: Findings from the ITC France Survey

France implemented a comprehensive smoke-free law in two phases: Phase 1 (February 2007) banned smoking in workplaces, shopping centres, airports, train stations, hospitals, and schools; Phase 2 (January 2008) banned smoking in hospitality venues (bars, restaurants, hotels, casinos, nightclubs). Thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-06, Vol.8 (6), p.e66692-e66692
Main Authors: Fong, Geoffrey T, Craig, Lorraine V, Guignard, Romain, Nagelhout, Gera E, Tait, Megan K, Driezen, Pete, Kennedy, Ryan David, Boudreau, Christian, Wilquin, Jean-Louis, Deutsch, Antoine, Beck, François
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Airports
Bans
Bars
Behavior
Cancer
Casinos
Consent
Evaluation
France
Health education
Health promotion
Hotels
Humans
Interviews as Topic
Laws, regulations and rules
Legislation
Medical research
Medicine
Nightclubs
No-smoking policies
Parks & recreation areas
Polls & surveys
Program Evaluation
Public health
Railway stations
Restaurants
Schools
Shopping centers
Smoke
Smoke-Free Policy - legislation & jurisprudence
Smokers
Smoking
Smoking bans
Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
Telephone
Tobacco
Tobacco smoke
Trends
Workplaces
Young Adult
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Summary:France implemented a comprehensive smoke-free law in two phases: Phase 1 (February 2007) banned smoking in workplaces, shopping centres, airports, train stations, hospitals, and schools; Phase 2 (January 2008) banned smoking in hospitality venues (bars, restaurants, hotels, casinos, nightclubs). This paper evaluates France's smoke-free law based on the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project in France (the ITC France Project), which conducted a cohort survey of approximately 1,500 smokers and 500 non-smokers before the implementation of the laws (Wave 1) and two waves after the implementation (Waves 2 and 3). Results show that the smoke-free law led to a very significant and near-total elimination of observed smoking in key venues such as bars (from 94-97% to 4%) and restaurants (from 60-71% to 2-3%) at Wave 2, which was sustained four years later (6-8% in bars; 1-2% in restaurants). The reduction in self-reported smoking by smoking respondents was nearly identical to the effects shown in observed smoking. Observed smoking in workplaces declined significantly after the law (from 41-48% to 18-20%), which continued to decline at Wave 3 (to 14-15%). Support for the smoke-free laws increased significantly after their implementation and continued to increase at Wave 3 (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0066692