Genetic affinities between trans-oceanic populations of non-buoyant macroalgae in the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere

Marine biologists and biogeographers have long been puzzled by apparently non-dispersive coastal taxa that nonetheless have extensive transoceanic distributions. We here carried out a broad-scale phylogeographic study to test whether two widespread Southern Hemisphere species of non-buoyant littoral...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-07, Vol.8 (7), p.e69138-e69138
Main Authors: Fraser, Ceridwen I, Zuccarello, Giuseppe C, Spencer, Hamish G, Salvatore, Laura C, Garcia, Gabriella R, Waters, Jonathan M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Bibliographic literature
Biogeography
Biology
Bostrychia
Buoyancy
Climate change
Coastal environments
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Dispersal
Dispersion
DNA
DNA sequencing
Ecological and Environmental Phenomena
Ecology
Ecosystem biology
Ecosystems
Evolution
Floating
Fucales
Genetic research
Haplotypes
Hypotheses
Laboratories
Laminariales
Latitude
Marine biology
Mitochondria
Morphology
Nucleotide sequence
Nucleotide sequencing
Oceans and Seas
Phaeophyceae
Phylogeny
Phylogeography
Population genetics
Populations
Rhodomelaceae
Rhodophyta
Seaweed - classification
Seaweed - genetics
Seaweed - isolation & purification
Seaweeds
Southern Hemisphere
Species
Taxa
Taxonomy
Wind drift
Wood
Zoology
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Summary:Marine biologists and biogeographers have long been puzzled by apparently non-dispersive coastal taxa that nonetheless have extensive transoceanic distributions. We here carried out a broad-scale phylogeographic study to test whether two widespread Southern Hemisphere species of non-buoyant littoral macroalgae are capable of long-distance dispersal. Samples were collected from along the coasts of southern Chile, New Zealand and several subAntarctic islands, with the focus on high latitude populations in the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current or West Wind Drift. We targeted two widespread littoral macroalgal species: the brown alga Adenocystisutricularis (Ectocarpales, Heterokontophyta) and the red alga Bostrychiaintricata (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Phylogenetic analyses were performed using partial mitochondrial (COI), chloroplast (rbcL) and ribosomal nuclear (LSU / 28S) DNA sequence data. Numerous deeply-divergent clades were resolved across all markers in each of the target species, but close phylogenetic relationships - even shared haplotypes - were observed among some populations separated by large oceanic distances. Despite not being particularly buoyant, both Adenocystisutricularis and Bostrychiaintricata thus show genetic signatures of recent dispersal across vast oceanic distances, presumably by attachment to floating substrata such as wood or buoyant macroalgae.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0069138