Identification of differential responses to an oral glucose tolerance test in healthy adults

In recent years an individual's ability to respond to an acute dietary challenge has emerged as a measure of their biological flexibility. Analysis of such responses has been proposed to be an indicator of health status. However, for this to be fully realised further work on differential respon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-08, Vol.8 (8), p.e72890-e72890
Main Authors: Morris, Ciara, O'Grada, Colm, Ryan, Miriam, Roche, Helen M, Gibney, Michael J, Gibney, Eileen R, Brennan, Lorraine
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Analysis
Beta cells
Biomedical research
Body composition
Body mass
Clustering
Clusters
Diabetes
Diet
Fatty acids
Female
Fitness
Food
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
Glucose Tolerance Test
Healthy Volunteers
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Islets of Langerhans - physiology
Lipids
Male
Metabolism
Metabolites
Nutrition research
Oxygen consumption
Pathogenesis
Peptides
Phenotyping
Physiological aspects
Urine
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Summary:In recent years an individual's ability to respond to an acute dietary challenge has emerged as a measure of their biological flexibility. Analysis of such responses has been proposed to be an indicator of health status. However, for this to be fully realised further work on differential responses to nutritional challenge is needed. This study examined whether metabolic phenotyping could identify differential responders to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and examined the phenotypic basis of the response. A total of 214 individuals were recruited and underwent challenge tests in the form of an OGTT and an oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT). Detailed biochemical parameters, body composition and fitness tests were recorded. Mixed model clustering was employed to define 4 metabotypes consisting of 4 different responses to an OGTT. Cluster 1 was of particular interest, with this metabotype having the highest BMI, triacylglycerol, hsCRP, c-peptide, insulin and HOMA- IR score and lowest VO2max. Cluster 1 had a reduced beta cell function and a differential response to insulin and c-peptide during an OGTT. Additionally, cluster 1 displayed a differential response to the OLTT. This work demonstrated that there were four distinct metabolic responses to the OGTT. Classification of subjects based on their response curves revealed an "at risk" metabolic phenotype.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0072890