The lung inflammation and skeletal muscle wasting induced by subchronic cigarette smoke exposure are not altered by a high-fat diet in mice

• Published in: PloS one 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e80471-e80471
• Main Authors: Hansen, Michelle J, Chen, Hui, Jones, Jessica E, Langenbach, Shenna Y, Vlahos, Ross, Gualano, Rosa C, Morris, Margaret J, Anderson, Gary P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Asthma; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Body Weight; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - chemistry; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - cytology; Cardiovascular disease; Chemokines; Chemokines - genetics; Chemokines - metabolism; Chronic obstructive lung disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cigarette smoke; Cigarette smoking; Cigarettes; Cytokines; Cytokines - genetics; Cytokines - metabolism; Diabetes; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Disease Models, Animal; Exposure; Gene Expression; Health aspects; High fat diet; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin-like growth factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism; Insulin-like growth factors; Interleukin 6; Lung - metabolism; Lung - pathology; Lungs; Male; Medical research; Metabolism; Mice; Morbidity; Mortality; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal - pathology; Muscles; Muscular Atrophy - etiology; Muscular Atrophy - metabolism; Muscular Atrophy - pathology; Musculoskeletal system; Nutrition research; Obesity; Organ Size; Pharmacology; Pneumonia - etiology; Pneumonia - metabolism; Pneumonia - pathology; Protein expression; Protein synthesis; Proteins; RNA; Skeletal muscle; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking - adverse effects; Tobacco smoke; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Weight control
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080471

Obesity and cigarette smoking independently constitute major preventable causes of morbidity and mortality and obesity is known to worsen lung inflammation in asthma. Paradoxically, higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced mortality in smoking induced COPD whereas low BMI increases mortality risk. To date, no study has investigated the effect of a dietary-induced obesity and cigarette smoke exposure on the lung inflammation and loss of skeletal muscle mass in mice. Male BALB/c mice were exposed to 4 cigarettes/day, 6 days/week for 7 weeks, or sham handled. Mice consumed either standard laboratory chow (3.5 kcal/g, 12% fat) or a high fat diet (HFD, 4.3 kcal/g, 32% fat). Mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 7 weeks had significantly more inflammatory cells in the BALF (P