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Reliable neuronal systems: the importance of heterogeneity
For every engineer it goes without saying: in order to build a reliable system we need components that consistently behave precisely as they should. It is also well known that neurons, the building blocks of brains, do not satisfy this constraint. Even neurons of the same type come with huge varianc...
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Published in: | PloS one 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e80694-e80694 |
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description | For every engineer it goes without saying: in order to build a reliable system we need components that consistently behave precisely as they should. It is also well known that neurons, the building blocks of brains, do not satisfy this constraint. Even neurons of the same type come with huge variances in their properties and these properties also vary over time. Synapses, the connections between neurons, are highly unreliable in forwarding signals. In this paper we argue that both these fact add variance to neuronal processes, and that this variance is not a handicap of neural systems, but that instead predictable and reliable functional behavior of neural systems depends crucially on this variability. In particular, we show that higher variance allows a recurrently connected neural population to react more sensitively to incoming signals, and processes them faster and more energy efficient. This, for example, challenges the general assumption that the intrinsic variability of neurons in the brain is a defect that has to be overcome by synaptic plasticity in the process of learning. |
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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subjects | alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid - metabolism Animals Brain Brain - physiology Computer science Computer Simulation Computers Defects Energy efficiency Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - physiology Experiments gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism Genetic Heterogeneity Heterogeneity Humans Learning - physiology Models, Neurological Nerve Net - physiology Neuronal Plasticity - genetics Neurons Neurons - cytology Neurons - metabolism Neurosciences Physiology Poisson Distribution Population Receptors, AMPA - genetics Receptors, AMPA - metabolism Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - genetics Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - metabolism Signal processing Standard deviation Synapses Synapses - physiology Synaptic plasticity Synaptic Transmission - physiology Variability |
title | Reliable neuronal systems: the importance of heterogeneity |
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