microRNA-100 targets SMRT/NCOR2, reduces proliferation, and improves survival in glioblastoma animal models

• Published in: PloS one 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e80865-e80865
• Main Authors: Alrfaei, Bahauddeen M, Vemuganti, Raghu, Kuo, John S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain cancer; Cell cycle; Cell death; Cell growth; Cell Proliferation - genetics; Cell Proliferation - physiology; Chemoradiotherapy; Comparative analysis; Glioblastoma; Glioblastoma - genetics; Glioblastoma - mortality; Glioblastoma - therapy; Glioblastomas; Glioma; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Infection; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Mice; Mice, SCID; MicroRNA; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - physiology; miRNA; Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2 - genetics; Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2 - metabolism; Pathology; Public health; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; Stem cells; Surgery; Survival; Temozolomide; Thyroid; Training; Transfection; Tumorigenicity; Tumors; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Xenografts; Xenotransplantation
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080865

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant human glioma, and current median patient survival is less than two years despite maximal surgery followed by temozolomide chemoradiation therapies. Novel microRNA-related therapies are now being developed for cancers such as GBM. Differential microRNA expression profiling revealed that miR-100 expression is down-regulated in GBM compared to normal controls. We report that miR-100 expression reduces GBM tumorigenicity. In vitro, four GBM lines (U87, U251, 22T, and 33T) demonstrated reduced proliferation 24 hours after transient miR100 overexpression via transfection. miR-100 triggered cell death an average 70% more than scrambled miR controls 24 hours after transient transfection (p < 0.01). miR-100 targeted inhibition of the "silencing mediator of retinoid or thyroid hormone receptor-2" (SMRT/NCOR2) gene was confirmed via reporter assays. Ki67 proliferation index was decreased 40% in tumor xenografts generated from stable miR-100 transfected GBM lines versus controls (p < 0.01). Furthermore, treatment of tumor xenografts with a single pre-mir-100 injection (60 pmol) significantly extended survival of mice bearing intracranial GBM xenografts 25% more than scrambled controls (p < 0.01; n=8). These studies establish miR-100's effect on tumor GBM growth, and suggest clinical potential for microRNA-related GBM therapy.