Cerebral hemodynamics and systemic endothelial function are already impaired in well-controlled type 2 diabetic patients, with short-term disease

• Published in: PloS one 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e83287-e83287
• Main Authors: Palazzo, Paola, Maggio, Paola, Altavilla, Riccardo, Di Flaviani, Alessandra, Giordani, Ilaria, Malandrucco, Ilaria, Picconi, Fabiana, Passarelli, Francesco, Pasqualetti, Patrizio, Ercolani, Matilde, Vernieri, Fabrizio, Frontoni, Simona
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Autonomic nervous system; Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology; Care and treatment; Carotid arteries; Case-Control Studies; Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology; Cholesterol; Circulatory system; Complications; Coronary artery disease; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes therapy; Diabetic neuropathy; Diabetics; Diet, Diabetic; Disease control; Endocrinology; Endothelium; Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology; Family medical history; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Heart diseases; Heart rate; Hemodynamics; Hospitals; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Male; Medical research; Medicine; Metabolism; Metformin; Metformin - therapeutic use; Middle Aged; Nervous system; Neurology; Neuropathy; Nitric oxide; Patients; Research design; Shear rate; Short term; Subgroups; Time Factors; Triglycerides; Type 2 diabetes; Vagus nerve; Vasodilation - physiology; Vasomotor System - physiopathology; Veins & arteries
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083287

Impaired cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were found in selected subgroups of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with long-term disease. Our study aimed to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics, systemic endothelial function and sympatho-vagal balance in a selected population of well-controlled T2DM patients with short-term disease and without cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Twenty-six T2DM patients with short-term (4.40±4.80 years) and well-controlled (HbA1C = 6.71±1.29%) disease, without any complications, treated with diet and/or metformin, were consecutively recruited. Eighteen controls, comparable by sex and age, were enrolled also. FMD and shear rate FMD were found to be reduced in T2DM subjects with short-term disease (8.5% SD 3.5 and 2.5 SD 1.3, respectively) compared to controls (15.4% SD 4.1 and 3.5 SD 1.4; p